杜梨嫩枝扦插影响因素探究

Study on the factors influencing twig cuttage of Pyrus betulaefolia

为探究杜梨嫩枝扦插的影响因素,筛选出最佳扦插方法,提高其扦插成活率,以杜梨嫩枝为试材,采用单因素试验设计筛选最优插条来源、新梢部段、插条长度和扦插基质,正交试验设计筛选最佳扦插生长调节剂配比。结果表明:连栋温室中采集的杜梨新梢中部段、长10~15 cm的插条更适合杜梨嫩枝扦插;IBA对扦插生根的影响大于NAA和IAA,IBA主要影响生根率和平均根数,NAA和IAA主要影响平均根长;基质湿度和基质配比是影响扦插成活的2个重要因素,其中基质湿度对嫩枝扦插的影响大于基质配比。综上,以长10~15 cm的温室杜梨新梢中部段为插条,在100 mg/L IBA+40 mg/L NAA+10 mg/L IAA中浸泡1 h,再插入河沙∶珍珠岩∶草炭土=1∶2∶2的半干湿基质中,扦插生根率可达70%。

In order to explore the factors influencing twig cuttage of Pyrus betulaefolia and screen out the best twig cuttage method to improve its survival rate. In this study, took the twigs of Pyrus betulaefolia as materials, screened out the optimum source, region, length, of the cuttings, and the base material of the cuttage by designing single-factor experiments.In addition, screened out the optimum hormone combination through designing an orthogonal experiment. The results showed that cuttings at the length of 10~15 cm collected from the middle part of the twigs grown in the multi-span greenhouse are the most suitable ones for the twig cuttage of Pyrus betulaefolia. IBA influenced more than that of NAA and IAA, and IBA mainly affected the survival rate and average root number, NAA and IAA mainly affected the average root length. The humidity and the ratio of base material are two important factors for the survival of cuttings, and the influence of humidity was greater than that of ratio. To sum up, taking the 10~15 cm length middle part of twigs of Pyrus betulaefolia grown in a greenhouse as cuttings, soaking them in the mixed hormone of 100 mg/L IBA+40 mg/L NAA+10 mg/L IAA for 1 hour, and then inserting them into the semi dry and semi wet mixed base material of river sand∶perlite peat∶soil=1∶2∶2, the rooting rate of cuttage could reach 70%.