叶面喷硒对烟富3号苹果树体生长、叶片光合特性与果实品质的影响

Effects of foliar selenium spraying on tree growth,leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of‘Yanfu 3’apple

以5年生烟富3号苹果为试材,研究了叶面喷硒对树体生长、叶片光合特性和果实硒含量、品质、产量的影响。结果表明,每667 m^(2)叶面喷施2.0、3.0 kg有机硒肥均促进了树体营养生长和叶片光合作用,果实硒含量提高,品质提高,产量增加。每667 m^(2)叶面喷施5.0 kg有机硒肥,抑制了树体营养生长;抑制了6—7月叶片光合作用,净光合速率的第1个高峰期从6月推迟到7月,促进了8—9月光合作用,9月净光合速率达到最大;果实硒含量提高,品质提高,产量增加。综合来看,烟富3号叶面喷硒最佳喷施量为每667 m^(2) 3.0 kg。

The effects of foliar selenium spraying on tree growth,leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit selenium content,quality and yield of 5-year-old‘Yanfu 3’apple were studied.The results showed that spraying 2.0 kg and 3.0 kg of organic selenium fertilizer per 667 m^(2) of leaf surface promoted the vegetative growth of trees and leaf photosynthesis,and increased the selenium content,quality and yield of fruits.Spraying 5.0 kg organic selenium fertilizer per 667 m^(2) of foliage inhibited the vegetative growth of trees;it inhibited the photosynthesis of leaves from June to July,delayed the first peak of net photosynthetic rate from June to July,promoted the photosynthesis from August to September,and the net photosynthetic rate reached the maximum in September;the selenium content of fruit was increased,the quality was improved,and the yield was increased.In general,the best spraying amount of selenium on the leaves of‘Yanfu 3’is 3.0 kg per 667 m^(2).