不同葡萄种质果实可溶性糖组分特征分析

Characterization of soluble sugar fractions of different grape germplasm

以国家果树种质郑州葡萄圃的301份葡萄种质为供试材料,进行果实可溶性糖组分及含量分析,明确其分布规律,筛选富含可溶性糖的优异葡萄资源,为葡萄资源的保护与利用提供理论依据。利用高效液相色谱对葡萄果实可溶性糖进行测定,采用聚类分析和主成分分析对葡萄果实中可溶性糖组分及含量进行规律总结。301份葡萄种质中,葡萄果实总糖含量的变化范围是从75.98 mg/mL(山葡萄N43-3)到229.45 mg/mL(赤霞珠);94.35%种质的甜度值变化范围在120~270之间;78.07%种质的果糖含量高于葡萄糖含量,2.00%种质的葡萄糖含量与果糖含量相近(两者之差≤1 mg/mL),另有19.93%种质的葡萄糖含量高于果糖含量;蔗糖含量的变化幅度较大,变化范围为0~28.11 mg/mL。沈农香丰果实葡萄糖与果糖含量极为接近,二者含量仅相差0.03 mg/mL。黑佳酿、雷司令和阳光玫瑰等27份种质为果糖含量、甜度值较高的优异资源,可用于鲜食和制汁;赤霞珠、法国蓝和灰比诺等种质为高果糖、高葡萄糖的优异资源;金田翡翠的蔗糖含量在301份种质中最高,为28.11 mg/mL,可作为高蔗糖亲本进行利用。

Taking 301 grape germplasms of national germplasm resources grape as the test materials,the soluble sugar component and content analysis of accessions were carried out to clarify the soluble sugar component characteristics and content distribution law of grape,and to screen the excellent grape resources of soluble sugar in Henan Province,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of grape resources.The soluble sugar components of grape berries were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were carried out by various indicators of soluble sugar.The soluble sugar components and contents in grape fruit were summarized and discussed.In 301 grape germplasms,the total sugar content in grape fruit varied from 75.98 mg/mL(Shanputao N43-3)to 229.45 mg/mL(Cabernet Sauvignon);the sweetness value of 94.35%of the germplasms varied between 120~270;the content of fructose in 78.07%of the samples are higher than that of glucose,2.00%of the samples have the same ratio of glucose to fructose(≤1 mg/mL),and 19.93%of the samples have higher content of glucose than fructose;the sucrose content varies widely,ranging from 0~28.11 mg/mL.The content of glucose to fructose in‘Shennongxiangfeng’berries is very close,and the difference is only 0.03 mg/mL.‘Black Brewing’,‘Riesling’,‘Shine-Muscat’and other 27 germplasms are excellent resources with high fructose content and sweetness value,which can be used as fresh and juice grapes.And‘Cabernet Sauvignon’,‘Blue French’,‘Pinot Gris’and other high fructose,glucose content germplasms.The sucrose content of‘Jintianfeicui’is the highest in 301 germplasms,which is 28.11 mg/mL.It can be used as a special high sucrose resource for breeding and utilization.