百香果果腐病病原菌的分离鉴定及防治药剂毒力测定

Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria of passion fruit rot and toxicity of fungicides to the pathogen

为明确引起百香果果腐病的病原菌种类并筛选出有效防治药剂,采用组织分离法对病原菌进行分离、纯化,结合病原菌的致病性检测、形态学特征及分子生物学分析对该病原菌进行鉴定,明确分离获得的菌株为藤仓镰刀菌(Fusarium fujikuroi)。室内毒力测定结果表明:10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂、50%肟菌酯水分散粒剂和80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂等药剂对藤仓镰刀菌均有一定的抑制作用,其中10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂对藤仓镰刀菌的毒力最强,EC_(50)值为0.00020 mg/L;50%肟菌酯水分散粒剂和80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂对藤仓镰刀菌的抑菌效果次之,EC_(50)值分别为0.00360、1.75197 mg/L。综上,引起百香果果腐病的病原菌为藤仓镰刀菌(F.fujikuroi),且病原菌对10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂、50%肟菌酯水分散粒剂和80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂等药剂敏感。本研究结果为百香果果腐病的化学防治提供了理论基础。

In order to identify the pathogen causing fruit rot in passion fruit and to screen for effective control agents,this study used tissue isolation method to isolate and purify the pathogen,combined with pathogenicity detection,morphological characteristics and molecular biology analysis to identify the pathogen.It was clear that the isolated strain was Fusarium fujikuroi.The results of indoor toxicity test showed that the fungicides such as 10%difenoconazole water dispersible granules,50%trifloxystrobin water dispersible granules and 80%carbendazim wettable powder had certain inhibitory effects on the F.fujikuroi.Among them,10%difenoconazole water dispersible granules had the strongest toxicity against the F.fujikuroi,with EC_(50) value of 0.00020 mg/L.50%trifloxystrobin water dispersible granules and 80%carbendazim wettable powder were the next most effective against F.fujikuroi with EC_(50) values of 0.00360 mg/L and 1.75197 mg/L,respectively.Therefore,the pathogen causing the fruit rot of passion fruit is F.fujikuroi,and the pathogen is sensitive to the fungicides such as 10%difenoconazole water dispersible granules,50%trifloxystrobin water dispersible granules and 80%carbendazim wettable powder.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for chemical control of passion fruit rot.