基于石窟寺佛龛造像三维模型绘制文物线图的应用实践——以铜川药王山摩崖石刻为例

Application of cultural relics line graph drawing of buddhist niches statues in grotto temples based on 3D model take cliff carvings of Yaowang Mountain in Tongchuan as an example

文物线图制作是考古发掘中的一项重要的基础性工作,但对于石窟寺等大型不可移动文物,采用传统手工制图手段,存在外业工作时间长、成本高,有些区域无法测量等局限性。本文通过三维激光扫描和近景摄影测量技术,构建铜川药王山摩崖石刻的高精度三维模型,并利用三维模型输出立面影像图,辅以文物表面特征及属性信息,精准绘制出文物的二维线图。该流程与方法易操作,精确度高,不仅满足文物保护的相关要求,更可用于精细存档和展示,为同类型文物绘图与展示提供了借鉴。

Cultural relics line graph making is an important work in archaeological excavation,while the traditional manual method has such limitations as much work time in the field,much cost,and some areas unmeasured for large immovable cultural relics such as grotto temples.This paper constructs a high precision 3D model of Yaowang Mountain cliff stone carving in Tongchuan by using 3D laser scanning and close range photogrammetry,it uses the 3D model to output the elevation image,supplemented by the surface characteristics and attribute information of cultural relics,and accurately makes the 2D line graph of cultural relics.The process and method put forward in this paper are easy to operate and have high accuracy.They not only meet the relevant requirements of cultural relics protection,but also can be used for fine archiving and display,providing a reference for the making and display of similar cultural relics.