预应力对电梯钢丝绳中弹性波传播特性的影响

Effects of prestress on elastic wave propagation characteristics in the elevator wire rope

振动以弹性波的形式在电梯钢丝绳传播时,会受到钢丝绳中预应力的影响,并降低曳引系统中振动监测的准确性,通过有限元仿真和实验分析研究预应力对电梯钢丝绳中弹性波传播特性的影响。首先采用半解析有限元法,确定了激励频率的范围;其次,采用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟弹性波在无应力以及预应力下电梯钢丝绳中的传播过程,分析了不同应力情况下的弹性波传播特性;最后搭建电梯钢丝绳中弹性波信号采集系统,通过实验分析弹性波在含预应力的电梯钢丝绳中传播特性。结果表明:电梯钢丝绳中的弹性波受到预应力的影响,当预应力增大,弹性波通带范围减少,阻带范围增加。该结果说明了轿厢中振动信号与曳引系统中振源信号存在差异的原因,为提高曳引系统中振动监测的准确性提供有效依据。

When the vibration propagates in the form of elastic waves in the elevator wire rope,it will be affected by the prestress in the wire rope and reduce the accuracy of vibration monitoring in the traction system.In this study,the influence of prestress on elastic wave propagation in the elevator wire rope was studied by finite element simulation and experimental analysis.Firstly,the semi-analytical finite element method was introduced to determine the excitation frequency range.Secondly,ABAQUS software was used to simulate the elastic wave propagating process in the elevator wire rope under non-stress and prestress conditions,and the elastic wave propagation characteristics under different stress conditions were analyzed.Finally,an experiment system for elastic wave signal acquisition was set up to analyze the change of elastic wave propagation characteristics in the elevator wire rope with prestress.The results show that the elastic wave is affected by the prestress,and when the prestress increases,the elastic wave passband range decreases and the stopband range increases.The result indicates the reason of the difference between the vibration signal in the car and the vibration source signal in the traction system,and provides effective reference for improving the accuracy of the vibration monitoring in the traction system of an elevator.