上海方舱医院新型冠状病毒感染者焦虑、抑郁、失眠状况及影响因素调查研究

Survey of anxiety,depression and insomnia statuses and their influencing factors in COVID19 patients in Shanghai makeshift hospital

目的调查上海方舱医院新型冠状病毒感染者的焦虑、抑郁、失眠特点及影响因素。方法采用9项患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表-7(GAD-7)、阿森斯失眠量表(AIS),自编问卷,对2022年4月9日至5月15日765名上海某方舱医院新型冠状病毒感染者进行网络调查,分析其焦虑、抑郁、失眠特点及影响因素。结果765名新冠病毒感染者焦虑、抑郁、失眠阳性检出率分别为22.22%、26.67%、24.05%,较2020年显著降低(P<0.05);不同性别、年龄、学历的感染者在焦虑、抑郁、失眠得分上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染者受到疫情的不利影响编码得到9个主题,其中排前3的不利影响分别是:经济、工作、家庭,分别占报告人数的38.43%、27.58%、17.91%,与2020年对疾病本身担忧造成的不利影响有所不同;受到不利影响的感染者焦虑、抑郁、失眠得分高于未受到影响的感染者(P<0.05);本研究数据模型拟合指数良好(χ^(2)/df=3.999,GFI、NFI、IFI、TLI、CFI>0.9,RMSEA=0.063,SRMR=0.053),感染者受到的不利影响正向预测焦虑、抑郁、失眠,标准化系数为0.209(P<0.01)。结论随着疫情在全球的发展,感染者的焦虑抑郁情绪降低,对个体的不利影响从疾病本身转为对经济、工作、家庭方面的担忧。

Objective To explore the characteristics of anxiety,depression and insomnia of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)patients in Shanghai makeshift hospital.Methods Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),and self-complied questionnaire were used to survey 765 COVID-19 patients in a Shanghai makeshift hospital during April 9 and May 15,2022 through an online survey system.Their statuses and characteristics of anxiety,depression,and insomnia as well as their influencing factors were analyzed.Results The positive detection rate of anxiety,depression and insomnia of the patients was 22.22%,26.67% and 24.05%,respectively,which were significantly lower than the rates of 2020(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the scores of PHQ-9,GAD-7 and AIS among the patients of different gender,age,and education levels(P<0.05).The adverse effects of patients were mainly synthesized as 9 themes,among which the top 3 adverse effects were economics,work and family,accounting for 38.43%,27.58%and 17.91%of the reported population,which were different from the adverse effects of the disease itself in 2020.The adversely affected patients had significantly higher PHQ-9,GAD-7 and AIS scores than those who were not affected by adverse effects(P<0.05).The model fitness of current data was acceptable(χ^(2)/df=3.999,GFI,NFI,IFI,TLI,CFI>0.9,RMSEA=0.063,SRMR=0.053),indicating that adverse effects positively predicted a latent variable of anxiety,depression,and insomnia,with a standardized coefficient of 0.209(P<0.001).Conclusion With the global development of the epidemic,the infected individuals have decreased anxiety and depression,and the adverse effects on them have shifted from the disease itself to concerns about the economy,work,and family.