中国有效技术创新水平:评价测度与区域差距的成因识别

The Level of Effective Technological Innovation in China:Evaluation,Measurement and the Causes Identification of Regional Disparity

提高技术创新有效性是实现经济高质量发展的关键路径,但何为有效技术创新至今鲜有研究。基于创新价值链理论,提出了有效技术创新和技术创新有效度的概念,构建了基于“动因——要素——效果”路径的工业企业有效技术创新内在机理模型和技术创新有效度综合评价指标体系,定量测算了2011—2020年中国30个省份的技术创新有效度。然后,基于关系数据分析范式,从创新投入产出和创新环境两大视角,采用QAP方法对影响技术创新有效度区域差异的因素进行了全样本、分时期和分时点的实证检验。研究发现:创新投入产出变量,尤其是资金投入和专利产出已成为决定省域创新差异的关键内部因素;而工业化水平和对外开放程度则成为与其呈显著反方向变动的重要外部因素。

Improving the effectiveness of technological innovation is the key path to achieve high-quality economic development,but what is effective technological innovation(ETI)has not been studied so far.Based on the theory of innovation value chain,this paper first puts forward the concepts of ETI and the degree of it.Then constructs the internal mechanism model of ETI of industrial enterprises and the comprehensive evaluation index system of the ETI’s degree based on the path of“motivation-factor-effect”,and quantitatively measure the ETI’s degree in 30 provinces of China from 2011-20.Through the relational data analysis paradigm,from the perspectives of innovation input-output factors and innovation environment factors,the Quadratic Assignment Pocedure(QAP)is used to test the important factors that affect the regional differences of the ETI’s degree by different period samples.It’s found that innovation input-output variables,especially capital input and patent output,have become the key internal factors of innovation differences.On the other hand,the level of industrialization and the degree of opening to the outside world in the innovation environment variables have become important external factors that change in the opposite direction.