我国谷物及其制品中单端孢霉烯毒素污染及风险评估现状

Current status of trichothecenes pollution and risk assessment in cereals and related products in China

小麦、玉米和稻谷等作为我国谷物粮食的主体,易受到单端孢霉烯毒素(TCT)的污染,因此有必要对这3类谷物及其制品中TCT污染状况开展调查及居民暴露风险评估。本研究分析了2011—2021年发表的有关我国小麦、玉米和稻谷等谷物及其制品中TCT污染状况与居民暴露风险评估的研究结果,发现各研究中谷物及其制品多数受到了TCT的污染,个别研究还发现TCT含量超标的问题。从地区上看,南方的污染状况比北方严重。从谷物种类看,小麦及其制品的污染状况比玉米、稻谷及其制品严重。居民暴露风险评估主要针对脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物,多数地区居民的平均暴露水平在可接受范围内,但也有部分人群存在健康风险。今后应继续加强对谷物及其制品中各类TCT的防控以及居民暴露风险评估等工作。

Wheat,corn and rice,as the main body of grain production in China,are easily contaminated by trichothecenes(TCT).Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the pollution status of TCT and assess the exposure risk of residents from these three kinds of grains and their related products.This study reviews the published studies about TCT pollution and exposure risk assessment of residents from wheat,corn,rice and their related products in China from 2011 to 2021.It is found that most of the grains and related products were polluted by TCT,and excessive TCT content was found in some studies.From a regional point of view,the pollution in the South was more serious than that in the North.The pollution of wheat and its related products was more serious than that of corn,rice and their related products.Exposure risk assessment of residents was mainly aimed at deoxynivalenol and its derivatives.The result showed that the average exposure level of residents in most areas was within the acceptable range,but some people were at risk.In the future,the prevention and control of all kinds of TCT in grains and related products should be strengthened,as well as the exposure risk assessment of residents.