深圳市市售动物源性食品中氯霉素残留量暴露评估

Exposure assessment of chloramphenicol residues in commercially available animal-origin foods in Shenzhen

目的调查研究深圳市市售动物源性食品中氯霉素残留状况及暴露风险,为引导消费和开展安全监管提供借鉴和参考。方法随机采集2018—2019年深圳市市售畜肉、禽肉、水产品共计511份,使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定样品中氯霉素的含量,采用点评估法计算深圳市居民通过食用动物源性食品的氯霉素暴露量,并采用暴露边界比(MOE)法对其健康风险进行评估。结果160份畜肉和60份禽肉中未检出氯霉素,291份水产品(包括贝类、虾、淡水鱼)中氯霉素检出率为26.80%(78/291),其中贝类样品中氯霉素含量为0.05~205.00μg/kg,平均值为13.71μg/kg,检出率为37.21%(64/172);虾样品中氯霉素含量为0.05~2.20μg/kg,平均值为0.20μg/kg,检出率为13.64%(3/22);淡水鱼样品中氯霉素含量为0.05~1.90μg/kg,平均值为0.11μg/kg,检出率为11.34%(11/97),所有样品中氯霉素总检出率为15.26%(78/511)。膳食暴露风险评估结果表明,深圳市居民膳食动物源性食品摄入氯霉素的平均日暴露量为2.06×10^(-3)μg/kg·BW,MOE值为485,P5低端日暴露量为4.85×10^(-5)μg/kg·BW,MOE值大于10000;P50和P95暴露量为6.72×10^(-4)和9.25×10^(-3)μg/kg·BW,MOE值均小于10000。结论食用过多动物源性食品可能会对人体健康产生潜在风险,中高端暴露人群应当注意减少食用动物源性食品,特别是水产品中贝类产品的食用次数和数量,以降低食用风险。同时,相关部门应加强对市售动物源性食品的质量安全监督管理,保持对此类问题的关注。

Objective To provide reference for guiding consumption and carrying out safety supervision,the exposure of chloramphenicol(CAP)residues in commercially available animal-origin foods collected from Shenzhen local trading markets and supermarkets were assessed.Methods Five hundred and eleven samples were collected in Shenzhen City from 2018 to 2019.The CAP residues was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,and dietary exposure was estimated by point assessment method.Exposure risk for different populations was characterized by the margin of exposure(MOE)values.Results No chloramphenicol was detected in 160 livestock and 60 poultry meat samples,and the detection rate of CAP was 26.80%in 291 aquatic samples,including shellfish,shrimp and fish.The CAP concentration in shellfish was in the range of 0.05-205.00μg/kg,the mean concentration was 13.71μg/kg,and the detection rate was 37.21%(64/172).The CAP concentration in shrimp was in the range of 0.05-2.20μg/kg,the mean concentration was 0.20μg/kg,and the detection rate was 13.64%(64/172).The CAP concentration in fish was in the range of 0.05-1.90μg/kg,the mean concentration was 0.11μg/kg,and the detection rate was 11.34%(11/97).The detection rate of CAP in all animal-origin samples was 15.26%(78/511).The result of dietary exposure assessment showed that the Chronic Daily Intake(CDI)values for average population for Shenzhen residents was 2.06×10^(-3)μg/kg·BW,and the MOE value was 485;the CDI value for 5th percentile was 4.85×10^(-5)μg/kg·BW,and the MOE value for was above 10000;the CDI values for 50th and 95th percentile were 6.72×10^(-4)μg/kg·BW and 9.25×10^(-3)μg/kg·BW,respectively,and the MOE values were both below 10000,suggesting some health risks.Conclusion Excessive consumption of animal-origin foods might lead to some health risk.In order to reduce the exposure risk,the population with higher exposure should limit their consumption,especially aquatic products.Meanwhile,the relevant departments should strengthen supervision and management of animal-origin foods quality and safety,and pay close attention to this problem.