北京市某区吸烟者戒烟意愿及行为研究

Smokers'intention and attempts to quit smoking in a district of Beijing Municipality

目的了解北京市某区≥15岁吸烟者戒烟意愿和尝试戒烟行为,为制定控烟干预策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取北京市某区≥15岁常住居民进行调查,纳入吸烟者作为调查对象。采用北京市成人烟草调查问卷收集人口学资料、烟草使用、戒烟意愿、尝试戒烟及烟草危害认知等资料。分析吸烟者的戒烟意愿和尝试戒烟行为,并采用多因素logistic回归模型分析尝试戒烟的影响因素。结果调查吸烟者687人,其中男性669人,占97.38%。农村497人,占72.34%。每日吸烟者351人,占51.09%;偶尔吸烟者336人,占48.91%。有戒烟意愿329人,占47.89%。过去1年内曾尝试戒烟178人,尝试戒烟率为25.91%。单因素分析结果显示,地区、年龄、文化程度、吸烟情况、具备烟草健康素养和在媒体看到过控烟信息是吸烟者戒烟意愿及尝试戒烟行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有戒烟意愿(OR=5.444,95%CI:3.585~8.268)、偶尔吸烟(OR=2.142,95%CI:1.312~3.497)的吸烟者更有可能尝试戒烟。结论北京市某区近半数吸烟者有戒烟意愿但尝试戒烟率较低;对不同特征吸烟者应采取针对性干预措施提高戒烟意愿,促进戒烟行为。

Objective To investigate the smoking cessation intention and attempt to quit smoking among smokers at ages of 15 years and older in a district of Beijing Municipality,so as to provide insights into formulation of tobacco control interventions.Methods Permanent residents at ages of 15 years and older were sampled using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from a district in Beijing Municipality,and all smokers were recruited.Participants'demographic features,tobacco use,intention to quit smoking,attempts to quit smoking and awareness of tobacco-related hazards were collected using the Beijing Adult Tobacco Survey.The intention and attempts to quit smoking were analyzed among smokers,and factors affecting the attempt to quit smoking were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 687 smokers were surveyed,including 669 men(97.38%),497 from rural areas(72.34%),351 daily smokers(51.09%),336 occasional smokers(48.91%),329 with intention to quit smoking(47.89%),and 178 with attempts to quit smoking during the past one year(25.91%).Univariable analysis showed that area,age,educational level,smoking status,tobacco health literacy and tobacco control information acquired from media were factors affecting intention and attempts to quit smoking among smokers(P<0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that smokers with intention to quit smoking(OR=5.444,95%CI:3.585-8.268)and occasional smoking(OR=2.142,95%CI:1.312-3.497)were more likely to attempt to quit smoking.Conclusions Approximately half of smokers have intention to quit smoking in a district of Beijing Municipality;however,the percentage of attempts to quit smoking is low.Targeted interventions are required for smokers with different characteristics to improve the intention to quit smoking and promote smoking-quitting behaviors.