大型活动突发公共卫生事件应对措施研究

Research on response measures for public health emergencies in large-scale events

大型活动场所人群密集、环境封闭,一旦发生突发公共卫生事件则存在短时间内在社会播散的可能。公共卫生保障已成为各类大型活动能否正常举办的重要因素。通过梳理分析既往国内外大型活动突发公共卫生事件的应对措施,总结疫苗储备与应急接种、环境治理与环境消杀、建立主动监测系统、发挥公共卫生监督作用、出台政策保障方案、加强与国际组织合作和跨区域合作防控重大公共卫生事件等方面的先进经验,建议从提高突发公共卫生事件风险评估能力、完善突发公共卫生事件监测预警机制、加强举办大型活动地区的环境治理与监督防控、巩固与国际组织间的协同防控合作框架、健全多地区与多部门协同联动机制、提高公众对突发公共卫生事件的认知水平、做好突发公共卫生事件舆情盲点控制等方面,进一步完善适用于我国的大型活动突发公共卫生事件应对措施。

Large-scale venues are crowed and closed.Once a public health emergency occurs,there is the possibility of short-term social dissemination.Public health security has become an important factor for the normal holding of various large-scale events.By collecting and sorting out the response measures to public health emergencies in past large-scale events at home and abroad,the vaccine reserve and emergency vaccination,environmental governance and environmental disinfection and sterilization,establishment of an active monitoring system,public health supervision,formulation of policy guarantee plan,and the cooperation with international organizations and cross-regional cooperation to prevent and control major public health events,it is recommended to improve the risk assessment ability of public health emergencies,improve the monitoring and early warning mechanism of public health emergencies,strengthen environmental governance,supervision and prevention in the host area,consolidate the cooperation framework for coordinated prevention and control with international organizations,improve the multi-regional and multi-department collaborative linkage mechanism,promote the public’s awareness of public health emergencies,and control public opinion blind spots,etc.to improve the response measures applicable to China.