温州市高年级小学生预防突发自然灾害知识需求现状调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of the current situation of knowledge demand for prevention of sudden natural disasters among senior primary school students in Wenzhou City

目的了解温州市高年级小学生预防突发自然灾害知识需求及获取途径,为开展小学生防灾健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法选取温州市11所小学2321名五年级小学生作为调查对象,调查其预防突发自然灾害的现状;采用χ^(2)检验对数据进行分析。结果调查对象对预防突发自然灾害知识的需求率较高,其获取途径包括报刊书籍、电视、教师授课、新媒体、宣传资料、应急演练和校园广播。城市小学生各类防灾知识需求率、获取防灾知识途径的比例均高于农村小学生。防灾知识需求率随小学生对本地灾害信息关注程度的增加而增加。结论温州市高年级小学生主要通过新媒体、应急演练和教师授课途径获取防灾知识,农村地区、对灾害信息不关注、不具备防灾素养的小学生是重点干预人群,应针对不同小学生的需求加强防灾健康教育工作。

Objective To know the needs and ways of acquiring knowledge about preventing sudden natural disasters in senior primary school students in Wenzhou City,and provide scientific basis for carrying out health education on disaster prevention for primary school students.Methods Using multistage random sampling,taking 2321 students of Grade Five from 11 primary schools in Wenzhou City as the research objects,the current situation of preventing sudden natural disasters was investigated,and χ^(2) test was used to analyze the data.Results Students have a high demand rate for knowledge of preventing sudden natural disasters,and their acquisition channels include newspapers,books,television,teacher teaching,new media,publicity materials,emergency drills and campus broadcasts.The demand rate of various types of disaster prevention knowledge among urban students,and the proportion of disaster prevention knowledge acquired were significantly higher than those of rural students.The demand rate of disaster prevention knowledge showed an upward trend with the increase of students’attention to local disaster information.Conclusion Primary school students of senior grades in Wenzhou City acquire disaster prevention knowledge mainly through new media,emergency drills and teachers’teaching.Primary school students in rural areas,those without the attention on disaster information and those without disaster prevention literacy are the key intervention groups.Disaster prevention health education should be strengthened according to the demands of different primary school students.