三孩政策下宁波市江北区孕产妇高危因素变化趋势分析

Analysis of the changing trend of high-risk factors of pregnant and lying-in women under three-child policy in Jiangbei District,Ningbo City

目的了解三孩政策下宁波市江北区孕产妇高危因素,分析其变化趋势并提出预防策略。方法选取2018年1月—2020年12月在江北区社区卫生服务中心参与立卡建档的10070名孕产妇作为研究对象,采用χ^(2)检验对其危险因素变化趋势进行统计分析。结果2018—2020年高龄组孕产妇人数分别为204人、232人、348人,人数逐年增多,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=64.014,P<0.001)。高龄组孕产妇中高危妊娠占89.16%,显著高于中龄组孕产妇高危妊娠占比(51.48%)及低龄组孕产妇高危妊娠占比(15.86%),组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=106.297,P<0.05)。2018—2020年瘢痕子宫、2次及以上流产史是孕产妇高危妊娠的主要因素。结论三孩政策下宁波市江北区孕产妇高危因素主要有高龄、瘢痕子宫和2次及以上流产史,需要采取有效预防干预措施以确保母婴健康。

Objective To know the high-risk factors of pregnant and lying-in women under three-child policy in Jiangbei District,Ningbo City,and to analyze the changing trends and prevention strategies.Methods 10070 pregnant and lying-in women who participated in card establishment by Jiangbei District Community Health Service Center from January,2018 to December,2020 were selected as the survey objects.Statistical analysis of the trend of risk factor changes was done through using Chi-square test.Results The number of pregnant and postpartum women in the elderly group from 2018 to 2020 was 204,232 and 348,respectively,with an increasing number year by year(χ^(2)=64.014,P<0.001).The high-risk pregnancy rate in the elderly group was 89.16%,which was significantly higher than that in the middle age group(51.48%)and the younger group(15.86%).There was statistically significant difference between groups(χ^(2)=106.297,P<0.05).From 2018 to 2020,the history of two or more miscarriages and scar uterus were the main factors contributing to high-risk pregnancy in pregnant and lying-in women.Conclusion The high-risk factors of pregnant and lying-in women under three-child policy in Jiangbei District,Ningbo City mainly include advanced age,history of two or more miscarriages,and scarred uterus.Effective preventive intervention measures should be taken to ensure the health of mothers and babies.