基于IKAP模式的个体化护理对慢性创伤性骨髓炎所致骨缺损患者的影响

Effect of individualized care based on IKAP model on bone defect caused by chronic traumatic osteomyelitis

目的探讨基于IKAP模式的个体化护理对慢性创伤性骨髓炎所致骨缺损患者的影响。方法选取2019年5月至2021年5月于河北医科大学第三医院骨科接受治疗的慢性创伤性骨髓炎所致骨缺损患者80例为受试对象,采用随机数字表法,将患者分为干预组与对照组各40例。对照组予以骨髓炎患者常规护理,干预组在对照组的基础上予以基于IKAP模式的个体化护理。观察并记录两组患者伤口感染、针道感染、骨延迟愈合、深静脉血栓、关节肌肉挛缩等并发症发生率,比较两组患者干预前及干预3个月后负面情绪〔状态特质焦虑量表(STAI)〕变化,探究两组患者干预3个月后康复情况〔Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表(FMA)〕及患者满意度(住院患者护理工作满意度调查量表)差异。结果干预组患者并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预3个月后,两组患者STAI量表的S-AI、T-AI维度得分较干预前下降,且干预组患者得分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);干预3个月后,干预组患者FMA量表得分高于对照组,干预组患者住院患者护理工作满意度调查量表得分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论基于IKAP模式的个体化护理有利于降低慢性创伤性骨髓炎所致骨缺损患者并发症发生,有助于改善患者负面情绪,促进患者康复,且对提升患者满意度有一定效果。

Objective To explore the effect of information-knowledge-attitude-practice(IKAP)model-based individualized nursing on patients with bone defects caused by chronic traumatic osteomyelitis.Methods Eighty patients with bone defects caused by chronic traumatic osteomyelitis who were treated in the department between May 2019 and May 2021 were selected as the study subjects.According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into intervention group(n=40)and control group(n=40).The control group received routine nursing for patients with osteomyelitis,and the intervention group was given IKAP model-based individualized nursing on the basis of the control group.The incidence rates of complications such as wound infection,pin site infection,delayed bone healing,deep vein thrombosis and joint muscle contracture were observed and recorded in the two groups of patients.The negative emotions〔State Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI)〕of the two groups were compared before intervention and after 3 months of intervention.The differences of rehabilitation〔Fugl-Meyer Motor Function Scale(FMA)〕and patient satisfaction(Inpatient Nursing Satisfaction Survey Scale)after 3 months of intervention were compared between the two groups.Results The total incidence rate of complications in intervention group was lower than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the scores of dimensions of S-AI and T-AI of STAI scale of the two groups were decreased compared with those before intervention,and the S-AI and T-AI of STAI scale scores of patients in intervention group were lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the score of FMA scale in intervention group was higher than that in control group,and the score of nursing job satisfaction survey for inpatients in intervention group was lower than that in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions IKAP model-based individualized nursing is beneficial to reduce the occurrence of complications in patients with bone defects caused by chronic traumatic osteomyelitis,and can help to improve the negative emotions and promote the rehabilitation of patients,and it has a certain effect on improving patient satisfaction.