专职器官获取护士工作的初步探索

Preliminary exploration of the work of professional organ procurement nurses

目的:探索专职器官获取护士在器官捐献与获取工作中的作用。方法:回顾性分析西安交通大学第一附属医院设置专职器官获取护士前、后实施器官捐献的供者资料。将设置专职器官获取护士后2021年9月1日至2022年8月31日实施器官捐献的215例供者作为观察组,设置专职器官获取护士前2020年9月1日至2021年8月31日实施器官捐献的203例供者作为对照组。比较两组供者性别、年龄、原发病以及器官获取手术时间、器官热缺血时间以及器官转运时间。结果:两组供者性别、年龄和原发病差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。对照组和观察组行肝肾联合获取的供者分别为176和185例,器官获取手术时间分别为(36±4)和(32±4)min,差异有统计学意义(t=10.21,P<0.05);其中,中国二类和中国三类器官捐献分别为124和82例,器官热缺血时间分别为(8.6±1.5)和(8.2±1.7)min,差异有统计学意义(t=1.99,P<0.05)。对照组和观察组分别有34和76例器官转运至外院移植中心,器官转运时间分别为(6.0±0.8)和(5.1±1.0)h,差异有统计学意义(t=5.47,P<0.05)。结论:专职器官获取护士对器官捐献和获取工作起到了积极的促进作用,为器官捐献和移植的数量及质量保障提供了坚实基础,为器官捐献专业化、器官获取组织建设学科化以及移植学科体系化提供了实践基础。

Objective:To explore the role of professional organ procurement nurses in organ donation and procurement efforts.Methods:The data of donors who underwent organ donation before and after setting up professional organ procurement nurses in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University were retrospectively analyzed.The 215 donors who underwent organ donation from September 1,2021 to August 31,2022 after setting up professional organ procurement nurses were used as the observation group,and the 203 donors who underwent organ donation from September 1,2020 to August 31,2021 before setting up professional organ procurement nurses were used as the control group.The donor sex,age,primary disease,and the organ procurement operation time,organ warm ischemia time and organ transport time were compared between the two groups.Results:There were no statistically differences in sex,age and primary disease between the two groups(all P>0.05).In the control group and the observation group,there were 176 and 185 donors underwent combined liver and kidney procurement,and the operation time was(36±4)and(32±4)min,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(t=10.21,P<0.05).Among them,there were 124 and 82 ChineseⅡand ChineseⅢorgan donations,respectively,and the organ warm ischemia time was(8.6±1.5)and(8.2±1.7)min,and the difference was statistically significant(t=1.99,P<0.05).In the control group and the observation group,34 and 76 organs were transferred to the external transplantation center,and the organ transfer time was(6.0±0.8)and(5.1±1.0)h,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(t=5.47,P<0.05).Conclusion:Professional organ procurement nurses play an active role in promoting organ donation and procurement,providing a solid foundation for the quantity and quality assurance of organ donation and transplantation,and providing a practical basis for organ donation specialization,organ procurement organization construction discipline,and transplantation discipline systematization.