氢能轨道交通的研究现状与发展趋势

Overview on current research status and development trends of hydrogen-powered rail transit

在“双碳”目标提出后,氢燃料电池因其清洁、环保、高效的技术特点而备受关注,以氢能作为轨道交通车辆的动力已成为铁路领域低碳化转型及绿色发展的有效途径之一。文章首先介绍了氢能在轨道交通领域的国内外发展现状;其次对各项核心技术进行整理阐述,包括氢燃料电池系统集成与控制技术、混合动力能量管理技术、燃料电池故障诊断与寿命预测技术等,并重点介绍各技术优缺点及适用范围;之后结合实际情况,分析技术现存的问题与挑战,并提出发展方向;最后,从不同角度对氢能轨道交通的发展趋势进行展望,为进一步研发与应用提供参考。

Hydrogen fuel cells,boasting their technical features of cleanliness,environmental and high efficiency,have been gain‐ing significant attention in response to the"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"goals.In recent years,hydrogen-powered rail vehicles have achieved fruitful results as one of the effective approaches towards the low-carbon transformation and sustainable development in the rail sector.This paper began with an introduction to the current development status of hydrogen-powered rail transit at home and abroad.Then,the core technologies involved were expounded,including the integration and control of hydrogen fuel cell systems,ener‐gy management for hybrid power,and fault diagnosis and service life prediction of fuel cells,with a focus on their technical pros and cons and scopes of application.In addition,the existing issues and challenges were analyzed and the development orientations were raised according to the practical considerations.Finally,the development trends of hydrogen-powered rail transit were prospected from different perspectives to provide a reference for further development and application.