“典籍”一词源流考

Etymological Research on the Word "Dian Ji"

“典籍”是由“典”和“籍”两个单音节词素组成的联合式名词。“典”“籍”于汉语词汇派生阶段产生,“典籍”于合成阶段产生。“典籍”作为合成词正式产生于战国时期,本义是指档案。进入汉代后,“典籍”一词在汉语发展的影响下向“泛指重要图书文献”偏转。其使用频率从两汉时期到隋唐五代呈缓慢上升趋势,到了宋代出现第一个高峰期,元代进入低谷期。清代则达到了一个新的历史高度,民国开始大幅减少,但并未消失。直到现代“典籍”一词仍然活跃于文人学者的著作中。

"Dianji" is a joint compound word composed of two monosyllabic morphemes"Dian"and"Ji"."Dian"and"Ji"came into being in the derivation stage of Chinese vocabulary,and the word"Dianji"came into being in the compounding stage.As a compound word,"Dianji"was officially generated in the Warring States period,and its original meaning referred to archives.After entering Han Dynasty,the word"Dianji"changed its meaning to"general reference to important books and documents"under the influence of the development of Chinese.The use frequency of"Dianji"increased slowly from Han Dynasty to Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,reached the first peak in Song Dynasty and entered the trough in Yuan Dynasty.It reached a new historical height in Qing Dynasty,and began to decrease significantly during the Republic of China,but it did not disappear.Until modern times,the word"Dianji"is stillactive intheworksof scholars.