烧伤患者家属疾病不确定感现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation of disease uncertainty among family members of burn patients and analysis of its influencing factors

目的探讨烧伤患者家属疾病不确定感及其影响因素,为医护人员实施干预措施,提高护理质量提供依据。方法采用患者和家属一般情况调查问卷、中文版疾病不确定感家属量表(MUIS-FM)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对山东省某三级甲等医院入院治疗的87例烧伤患者的家属进行调查。两个量表得分的相关性采用Pearson相关分析;MUIS-FM得分的影响因素采用多元线性回归分析。结果烧伤患者家属疾病不确定感总分为(83.11±11.99)分,社会支持总分为(34.77±8.28)分。SSRS的客观支持维度得分和MUIS-FM的不明确性维度得分有负相关关系(r=-0.227,P<0.05)。SSRS的对支持的利用度维度得分和MUIS-FM的不可预测性维度得分有负相关关系(r=-0.271,P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示:以城镇为参照,居住地在农村烧伤患者家属的疾病不确定感得分较高(β=9.199,P<0.001)。结论烧伤患者家属存在重度疾病不确定感,获取的社会支持度一般。医护人员应及时关注农村、文化程度较低的患者家属的物质和心理需求,进行多种方式和层次的交流与宣教,提高他们照顾患者的质量,使患者早日康复。

Objective To understand the disease uncertainty and its influencing factors among family members of burn patients,and to provide a basis for medical staff to implement intervention measures and improve the quality of nursing.Methods Totally 87 family members of burn patients admitted to a tertiary hospital were surveyed with a general questionnaire for patients and/or family members,the Chinese version of the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale-Family Member(MUIS-FM),and the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).The correlation between the scores of these two scales was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis,and the influencing factors of the MUIS-FM score were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis.Results The total score of disease uncertainty among family members of burn patients was(83.11±11.99)points,and the total score of social support was(34.77±8.28)points.There was a negative correlation between the objective support dimension score of SSRS and the ambiguity dimension score of MUIS-FM(r=-0.227,P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between the utilization degree of support dimension score of SSRS and the unpredictability dimension score of MUIS-FM(r=-0.271,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the burn patients’family members from rural areas had a higher disease uncertainty score(β=9.199,P<0.001)compared with those from urban areas.Conclusions Family members of burn patients had severe disease uncertainty and got social support at an average level.Medical staff should pay attention to the material and psychological needs of patients’family members from rural areas or with low education levels in time,communicate with and educate them in various ways and levels,improve their quality of care for patients,and make patients recover as soon as possible.