疫情期间广西部分医疗机构职业人群口罩使用现况调查

Investigation on mask use of hospital staff of Guangxi medical institutions during the epidemic

目的了解新冠疫情背景下,广西部分医疗机构职业人群工作中选用及佩戴口罩的相关情况。方法采用自行设计的结构化问卷,于2022年1月对广西壮族自治区内12个城市、26家医疗机构的6098名职业人群进行问卷调查,将调查人群分为低风险区、中风险区、高风险区工作人员,比较不同人员选用和佩戴口罩行为的异同。结果回收有效问卷5821份,有效回收率为95.46%。佩戴过程中正确行为率较低的是检查口罩鼻梁和侧面是否漏气(74.0%,4309人)、脱除口罩避免用手触摸口罩外侧(69.8%,4063人)。有2744人(占47.1%)口罩更换时间在4 h以内,4007人(占68.8%)佩戴口罩前后会手部消毒,2495人(占42.9%)摘下口罩后会更换。不同风险区的职业人群在佩戴口罩方式、口罩更换时间、正确佩戴行为、佩戴口罩前/后是否手部消毒、摘下口罩后是否会更换的行为差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),高风险区人群更多选择头戴式(可调节)口罩;摘下口罩后,高风险区人群更多选择更换,他们佩戴口罩前后都不会洗手或进行手部消毒的人数占比最少,更换口罩时间<4 h的占比最高。有41.9%的人认为佩戴口罩存在不舒服反应。不同类别人群不舒服发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),以高风险区人群最高。有67.8%的人能正确选用口罩,其中低风险区人群的正确选用率最高。绝大多数调查对象对所在机构管理口罩使用的措施做了正面评价。结论医院职业人群对口罩防护效果知识的了解程度较为薄弱,佩戴口罩时存在一定比例的不良行为。医疗机构应针对调查结果,加强正确佩戴口罩的监督管理和宣传培训力度,改变职业人群工作中的口罩不良使用行为。

Objective To know the mask use of hospital staff in Guangxi hospitals during the epidemic.Methods A selfdesigned structured questionnaire was used to survey 6098 hospital staff from 26 medical institutions in 12 cities in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in January 2022.The survey population was divided into 3 groups:low,medium,and high risk areas.The similarities and differences in mask selection and wearing behavior among different personnel were compared.Results A total of 5821 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 95.46%.The lower rate of correct behavior during wearing was to check the nose bridge and side of the mask for air leakage(74.0%,4309 persons)and to avoid touching the outside of the mask with hands while removing(69.8%,4063 people).Totally 2744 people(47.1%)had their masks replaced within 4 hours;4007 people(68.8%)had their hands disinfected before and after wearing masks;and 2495 people(42.9%)had their masks replaced after taking them off.The differences in maskwearing methods,mask replacement time,correct wearing behavior,hand disinfection before and after wearing masks,and mask replacement after taking off among staff in different risk areas were statistically significant(P<0.05),while the staff in high-risk areas had the best behavior,including use of head-mounted(adjustable)masks.About 41.9%felt that wearing a mask caused discomfort reactions,and the difference in discomfort incidence rate among staff in diferrent areas was statistically significant(P<0.05),with the highest rate of staff in high-risk areas;67.8%of hospital staff could correctly choose masks,with the highest rate of correct selection among staff in low-risk areas.Most surveyed respondents gave positive evaluations of their institution’s measures to manage mask use.Conclusions Hospital staff had a relatively weak understanding of the protective effect of masks,and a small part of them had unsafe behavior when wearing masks.Medical institutions should strengthen supervision,management,and publicity training on correct mask-wearing behavior among hospital staff based on survey results to change unsafe mask-use behaviors among hospital staff.