超高压磨料水射流工艺参数优化实验研究

Experimental study on optimization of process parameters of ultra-high pressure abrasive water jet

为了提升磨料射流的切割效率,通过研制的超高压磨料水射流切割系统开展了不同工艺参数对石灰岩的切割效果研究。结果表明:随着水射流压力的增加,切割深度首先表现为线性增大,然后增速逐渐放缓;最佳磨料流量参数为0.6 kg/min;最佳初始射流靶距为5 mm;磨料射流的切割深度随喷嘴横移速度呈下降趋势;随着射流切割角度的增加,切割深度呈现出“M”型变化趋势,在80°时切割深度达到最大值;基于正交试验进行极差分析,明确工艺参数对切割深度的影响权重由大到小依次为水射流压力、喷嘴横移速度、磨料流量、喷嘴切割角度和射流靶距,得出最佳的切割参数组合为水射流压力400 MPa,磨料流量0.8 kg/min,喷嘴横移速度1 mm/s,射流靶距6 mm,射流切割角度80°。

In order to improve the cutting efficiency of abrasive water jet,the cutting effect of limestone with different process parameters was studied through the developed ultra-high pressure abrasive water jet cutting system.The results show that with the increase of water jet pressure,the cutting depth first increases linearly,and then the growth rate slows down gradually;the optimum abrasive flow parameter is 0.6 kg/min;the optimum initial jet target distance is 5 mm;the cutting depth of abrasive jet decreases with the transverse velocity of nozzle;with the increase of jet cutting angle,the cutting depth presents an M-shaped change trend,and the cutting depth reaches the maximum at 80°.Based on the range analysis of orthogonal experiment,it is clear that the influence weight of process parameters on cutting depth from large to small is water jet pressure,nozzle traverse speed,abrasive flow,nozzle cutting angle and jet target distance.It is concluded that the best combination of cutting parameters is water jet pressure 400 MPa,abrasive flow 0.8 kg/min,nozzle traverse speed 1 mm/s,jet target distance 6 mm and jet cutting angle 80°.