我国煤矿巷道锚杆支护理论及技术研究进展

Research progress on bolt support theory and technology of coal mine roadway in China

随着我国巷道埋深的不断增加以及矿井环境的复杂化,巷道锚杆支护面临的挑战将更加严峻。基于相关文献的调研,对巷道锚杆支护相关理论进行了系统的总结,重点论述了近些年新提出的锚杆中性点理论、锚杆支护围岩强度强化理论、锚杆等强梁支护理论等;同时从锚固体应力分布规律、锚杆荷载传递规律、锚杆锚固界面力学特性、围岩的流变性及其产生的时效性等4个方面对锚杆作用机理进行了阐述;介绍了锚杆支护形式、锚杆设计方法、锚杆材料及结构等方面的主要研究成果。最后,结合巷道锚杆支护领域的研究现状,探讨了巷道锚杆支护中亟需解决的难题及研究重点。

With the increasing depth of roadway and the complexity of mine environment in China,the challenge of roadway bolt support will be more serious.Based on the investigation of relevant literature,the related theories of roadway bolt support were systematically summarized,and the newly proposed bolt neutral point theory,surrounding rock strength strengthening theory of bolt supporting,theory of bolt uniform strength beam support in recent years were emphatically discussed;at the same time,the action mechanism of anchor is expounded from the following four aspects:the stress distribution law of anchorage body,the load transfer law of anchor bolt,the mechanical properties of anchor anchorage interface,the rheological property of surrounding rock and its timeliness;then the main research results of bolt support form,bolt design method,bolt material and structure are introduced.Finally,combined with the research status of roadway bolt support,the problems and research priorities that need to be solved in roadway bolt support are discussed.