新疆矿区弱胶结巷道顶板灾害现状及控制对策

Present situation and control countermeasures of roof disaster of weakly cemented roadway in Xinjiang Mining Area

新疆矿区弱胶结煤系地层分布范围广,顶板稳定性控制是制约煤矿安全生产的重要问题。通过总结近11年全疆井工煤矿事故类型、原因及发展趋势,以哈密大南湖矿区某煤矿1802运输巷顶板事故为例,采用现场调研、实验室试验与现场试验相结合的方法,分析了新疆矿区典型的弱胶结巷道顶板灾害特点及主要影响因素,确定了掘进扰动及顶板淋水双重损害作用是弱胶结巷道顶板灾害发生的主要诱因。基于此,开展了不同渗水区域巷道顶板锚杆(索)锚固力试验,获得了渗水不明显、渗水中等及渗水量较大区域顶板锚杆(索)锚固力随顶板裸露时间的衰减规律,构建了弱胶结围岩巷道掘进“早-中-后”不同影响时期和弱胶结围岩“深-中-浅”不同空间位置的“主动+被动”联合支护技术体系,提出了分时期、分区域循序渐进的弱胶结围岩巷道顶板控制对策。

Weakly cemented coal measure strata are widely distributed in Xinjiang Mining Area,roof stability control is an important problem restricting coal mine safety production.By summarizing the types,causes and development trends of mining accidents in Xinjiang in recent 11 years,taking the roof accident of 1802 transportation lane of a coal mine in Dananhu Mining Area of Hami as an example,by the method of field investigation,laboratory test and field test,the characteristics and main influencing factors of typical roof disasters of weakly consolidated roadway in Xinjiang Mining Area are analyzed,and it is determined that the double damage of tunneling disturbance and roof water is the main cause of roof disasters of weakly consolidated roadway.Based on this,the anchoring force tests of roof bolts(cables) in different seepage areas were carried out,and the attenuation law of the anchoring force of roof bolts(cables) in areas with insignificant,moderate and large seepage was obtained with the exposed time of roof.The “active + passive” combined support technology system of weakly cemented surrounding rock roadway in different influence periods of “early-middle-late”and different spatial positions of weakly cemented surrounding rock roadway in “deep-middle-shallow”was constructed,and the control countermeasures of weakly cemented surrounding rock roadway roof in different periods and regions were proposed.