基于生态正义的生态文明教育变革研究

Research on the Change of Ecological Civilization Education based on Ecological Justice

生态正义是新时代生态文明教育的价值遵循,其从价值哲学的视域出发将人与自然的整体思考纳入正义范畴之中,实现了对环境正义与社会正义等属人性正义理论的超越。为应对日益复杂的生态系统危机,生态文明教育亟须面向生态正义作出整体性的审思与变革:从观念上要革除“人类中心主义”价值藩篱,着眼人与自然共生的正义教育观;从目标上要打破利益主体“分割”自然的道德合谋,重铸学生共识性的道德自觉;从内容上要扬弃盲目追求的权益分配正义,融入对自然伤害补偿的矫正正义课程内容;从评价上要摒弃人与自然主客二分观点桎梏,坚持人与自然价值平等的教育评价原则。立足实践,培育学生面向生态整体的关联思维与共生意识、采用全息沉浸式的生态体验、打造人与自然共生的整全式课程体系、坚持“万物共荣共生”的评估标准是生态文明教育变革的具体路向。

Eco-justice is the value guideline for ecological civilization education in the new era.It incorporates the holistic thinking of human beings and nature into the scope of justice from the per⁃spective of value philosophy,and realizes the transcendence of theories of human justice such as envi⁃ronmental justice and social justice.In order to cope with the increasingly complex ecosystem crisis,ecological civilization education urgently needs to make a holistic consideration and change toward ecological justice.From the conceptual point of view,it is necessary to remove the“anthropocentric”value fence and establish the justice education concept of symbiosis between human beings and na⁃ture.In terms of content,we should abandon the blind pursuit of justice in the distribution of rights and interests and incorporate the corrective justice curriculum of compensation for natural harm;in terms of evaluation,we should abandon the shackles of the dichotomy between human and nature and adhere to the educational evaluation principle of equal value of human and nature.Based on practice,cultivating students’ecologically holistic thinking and symbiotic awareness,adopting holographic im⁃mersion ecological experience,creating a holistic curriculum system for human-nature symbiosis,and adhering to the assessment standard of“all things co-exist”are the concrete directions for the change of ecological civilization education.