慢性自发性荨麻疹患者血清25-羟维生素D、调节性T细胞及总IgE水平的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D,Regulatory T Cells and Total IgE Levels in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

目的分析慢性自发性荨麻疹(chronic spontaneous urticaria,CSU)患者血清中25-羟维生素D[25-hydroxyvitamin D,25-(OH)D]、调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)、总免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulin E,IgE)水平的相关性。方法选择作者医院2020-01/2021-10月收治的84例CSU患者作为观察组,另选取84例同期健康体检者作为对照组,按照CSU病情分级将观察组患者分为轻度组(n=34),中度组(n=27),重度组(n=23)。分别检测并比较观察组与对照组研究对象的血清25-(OH)D、Treg比例以及总IgE水平。分析不同CSU病情分级患者的血清25-(OH)D、Treg比例以及总IgE水平的差异。采用Pearson相关性分析明确CSU患者血清25-(OH)D、Treg比例及总IgE水平的关系。结果观察组血清25-(OH)D、Treg比例均低于对照组,而总IgE水平高于对照组(P均<0.05)。重度组患者的血清25-(OH)D、Treg比例均低于轻度组、中度组(P均<0.05),且中度组患者的血清25-(OH)D、Treg比例均低于轻度组(P<0.05);重度组患者血清总IgE水平均高于轻度组、中度组(P均<0.05),中度组总IgE水平高于轻度组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析发现,CSU患者血清25-(OH)D与Treg比例呈正相关(P<0.05),血清25-(OH)D、Treg比例均与总IgE水平呈负相关关系(P均<0.05)。结论CSU患者血清25-(OH)D水平存在明显的降低,且和Treg失衡以及总IgE所介导的Ⅰ型变态反应有关。

Objective To analyze the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-(OH)D],regulatory T cells(Treg)and total immunoglobulin E(IgE)levels in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria(CSU).Methods A total of 84 CSU patients admitted to the author′s hospital from January 2020 to October 2021 were selected as the observation group,and another 84 healthy subjects were selected as the control group at the same period,the patients in the observation group were divided into mild group(n=34),moderate group(n=27)and severe group(n=23)according to CSU grading.Serum 25-(OH)D,Treg proportions and total IgE levels were detected and compared between the two groups.The differences of serum 25-(OH)D,Treg cell proportions and total IgE levels in patients with different CSU disease grades were analyzed.The relationship among 25-(OH)D,Treg cell proportions and total IgE levels in CSU patients was determined by Pearson correlation analysis.Results The serum 25-(OH)D and Treg cell proportions in study group were lower than those in control group while the total IgE levels were higher than those of the control group(all P<0.05).The serum 25-(OH)D and Treg proportions of patients in severe group were lower than those in mild and moderate groups(all P<0.05),and the serum 25-(OH)D and Treg proportions of patients in moderate group were lower than those in mild group(P<0.05);the serum total IgE level in the severe group was higher than those in the mild and moderate groups(all P<0.05),and the total IgE levels in the moderate group was higher than those in the mild group(P<0.05),Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum 25-(OH)D was positively correlated with the proportions of Treg cells in CSU patients(P<0.05),while the serum 25-(OH)D and Treg cell proportions were negatively correlated with the total IgE levels(all P<0.05).Conclusion There is a significant decrease in serum 25-(OH)D in CSU patients,which is associated with Treg cell imbalance and total IgE mediated type I allergy.