瑞典华人社团组织与功能研究:基于双重文化认同视角

A Study on the Organization and Function of Swedish Chinese Associations:from the Perspective of Bicultural Identity

一直以来,身为北欧五国之一的瑞典,和西欧的其他国家相比,并未吸引太多华侨华人移民定居。华人移民瑞典始于清末民初,几十年间,在瑞华人数量从起初的几十人发展到如今的数万人。为了实现在瑞华人的广泛团结与联系,瑞典华人自1978年开始陆续成立华人社团。数十年来,瑞典华人社团类型逐渐丰富,在组织结构方面,瑞典华人社团大多形成了较为完善稳定的组织结构,功能也逐渐凸显,展现出鲜明的双重文化认同,并体现出混杂融合以及利益优先的特性。在这样双重文化认同特征的影响下,瑞典华人社团呈现出组织形态本土化、规范化而运行模式灵活化、中国化的特点。在功能模式方面,瑞典华人社团从政治和经济上适应住在国规则,体制化趋势明显,从社会和文教上满足华人切实需求,凸显实用性。总的来说,瑞典华人社团较好地适应和融入了当地社会,有力地促进了中瑞关系的发展。

Sweden,as one of the five countries in northern Europe,has not attracted many Chinese immigrants to settle down compared with other countries in Western Europe.Chinese immigration to Sweden began in the late Qing Dynasty.In the past few decades,the number of Chinese in Sweden has grown from a few dozen at the beginning to tens of thousands of people.In order to realize the broad unity and connection of Swedish Chinese,Swedish Chinese have set up many Chinese associations since 1978.Over the decades,the types of Swedish Chinese association have been gradually enriched.In terms of organizational structure,most of the Swedish Chinese associations have formed a relatively stable organizational structure,and their functions have gradually become prominent,showing a distinct bicultural identity with the characteristics of hybrid integration and interest priority.Under the influence of bicultural identities,the Chinese associations in Sweden are characterized by a localized and standardized organizational form and a flexible and Chinese mode of operation.As for the functional mode,the Swedish Chinese associations adapt to the Swedish culture from the political and economic aspects,and the tendency of institutionalization is obvious.In the aspect of society and cultural education,they meet the practical needs of the Chinese and highlight its practicality.In general,the Chinese associations in Sweden have adapted well and integrated into the local society,and have promoted the development of Sino-Swedish relations.