贸易开放与碳排放效率——基于绿色技术创新的中介效应分析

Trade Opening and Carbon Emission Efficiency:An Analysis of the Intermediary Effect based on Green Technology Innovation

选取2003—2020年中国31个省级面板数据,利用非径向方向距离函数测度碳排放效率,并运用基准回归模型与中介效应模型评估贸易开放对碳排放效率的影响。研究结果表明,贸易开放对碳排放效率存在倒“U”型影响,呈现先促进后抑制的变化特征。机制分析表明,绿色技术创新是贸易开放影响碳排放效率的重要路径。进一步分析发现,贸易开放对碳排放效率的影响具有明显异质性;在东部、中部、东北地区以及一般贸易方式下,贸易开放对碳排放效率提升的驱动效应更为显著。为此,应构建高质量贸易开放体系、打造绿色技术创新高地、构建降碳减污协同制度体系,着力推动碳排放效率提升。

Select the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2020,this paper uses the non radial distance function to measure carbon emission efficiency,and uses the benchmark regression model and intermediary effect model to evaluate the impact of trade opening on carbon emission efficiency.The results show that trade opening has an inverted U-shaped impact on carbon emission efficiency,which presents the characteristics of first promoting and then inhibiting.Mechanism analysis shows that green technology innovation is an important path for trade opening to affect carbon emission efficiency.Further analysis shows that the impact of trade opening on carbon emission efficiency has obvious heterogeneity.Under the eastern region,central region,northeast region and general trade mode,the driving effect of trade opening on the improvement of carbon emission efficiency is more significant.To this end,we should build a high-quality open trade system,create a green technology innovation highland,build a collaborative system for reducing carbon and pollution,and focus on improving carbon emission efficiency.