哺乳期乳腺炎患者母乳喂养自信心现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on Status Quo of Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Among Breastfeeding Women with Mastitis and Analysis on Influencing Factors

目的了解哺乳期乳腺炎患者母乳喂养自信心现状及其影响因素,为进一步制订母乳喂养支持策略提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法选取2021年8月至2022年1月就诊于重庆市某三级甲等医院乳腺科的165例哺乳期乳腺炎患者作为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、母乳喂养自信心量表(BESE)进行调查,分析其母乳喂养自信心现状及可能的影响因素。结果165例哺乳期乳腺炎患者母乳喂养自信心得分为(95.73±12.51)分,整体处于偏低水平;喂奶时精神放松、对母乳喂养知识非常了解、产假时长>6个月、配偶支持母乳喂养、产后工作状态较空闲、文化程度高是提升哺乳期乳腺炎患者母乳喂养自信心的促进因素,能解释因变量57.0%的变异(F=17.691,P<0.001)。结论哺乳期乳腺炎患者母乳喂养自信心水平有待提高,临床医护人员应实施针对性的干预措施,社会各机构应积极提供友好的环境,并充分保障母乳喂养条件,以提升患者母乳喂养质量。

Objective To understand the status quo of breastfeeding self-efficacy and its influencing factors among breastfeeding women with mastitis,providing a reference for further formulating breastfeeding support strategies.Methods A total of 165 breastfeeding women with mastitis who admitted to a GradeⅢ-A hospital in Chongqing from August 2021 to January 2022 were selected by convenience sampling.They were investigated by using the General Information Questionnaire and the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale(BESE)and analyzed for their current breastfeeding self-efficacy and potential influencing factors.Results The score of breastfeeding self-efficacy was(95.73±12.51)points for the 165 breastfeeding women with mastitis,which was at a low level.Relaxation during breastfeeding,good understanding of breastfeeding,duration of maternity leave>6 months,spouse's support for breastfeeding,idle working status after delivery and high education level were the contributing factors to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy of the patients,which could explain 57.0%of the variation of dependent variables(F=17.691,P<0.001).Conclusion The level of breastfeeding self-efficacy needs to be improved among breastfeeding women with mastitis.Clinical healthcare providers should take targeted interventions,and social institutions should actively provide a friendly environment and fully guarantee breastfeeding conditions,so as to improve breastfeeding quality of the patients.