反帝话语的生成与近代中国革命——由云南片马事件谈起

The Formation of Anti-imperialist Discourse and Modern Chinese Revolution:From the Pianma Incident in Yunnan

反帝反封建这一历史大势是近代中国革命的重要任务。近代以降,国人提出的“制夷”“灭洋”等均是反帝话语的早期表达。以孙中山为代表的革命派在1911年因应云南片马事件和辛亥革命动员当中,有意结合反封建话语提出反帝话语,但由于反帝话语的模糊性而使得革命受挫。孙中山在继续革命的进程中,提出了明确的反帝话语,国民党却未能够将其贯彻之。中国共产党则扛起了“反帝”的大旗,并将其与反封建话语相结合,继续关注片马事件,最终在新中国成立后收回片马主权。

The historical trend of anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism is an important task of the modern Chinese Revolution.Since 1840,the early expressions such as“suppressing barbarians”and“exterminating the foreigners”were all expressions of anti-imperialist discourses.The Revolution of 1911 Sun Yat-sen intentionally proposed anti-imperialist discourse in response to the Yunnan Pianma Incident,but due to the ambiguity of anti-imperialism discourses,the revolution was thwarted.In the process of continuing the revolution,Sun Yat-sen proposed clear anti-imperialism words,but the Kuomintang was unable to implement them.The CPC took up the banner of“anti-imperialism”,combined it with the anti-feudalism discourse,continued to pay attention to Pianma Incident,and finally recovered the sovereignty of Pianma after the founding of New China.