2021年绵阳市艾滋病网络实验室建设情况与质量考评结果分析

Analysis on the construction and quality evaluation results of HIV/AIDS network laboratory in Mianyang City in 2021

目的根据绵阳市2021年艾滋病网络筛查实验室建设及质量考评情况,分析绵阳市艾滋病网络筛查实验室的现状,总结归纳实验室出现的各种问题,为完善绵阳市艾滋病检测实验室网络、推进实验室能力建设,提升实验室检测质量提供科学依据。方法统计2021年绵阳市艾滋病筛查实验室分布特点和艾滋病感染者分布情况,分析绵阳市艾滋病网络筛查实验室的建设情况及现状特点,并结合绵阳市筛查实验室检测量及阳性检出率,盲样考核结果和现场督导情况,进一步优化绵阳市艾滋病网络筛查实验室检测体系的管理运行。使用SPSS 19.0软件,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果绵阳市共64家筛查实验室,县区级筛查实验室建设覆盖率达100%,乡镇级筛查实验室覆盖率极低,筛查实验室数量分布基本符合当地艾滋病感染者分布情况。2021年绵阳市艾滋病抗体筛查总量为232.8万人次,HIV抗体筛查阳性数4273人次,筛查阳性率为0.18%。疾控机构筛查阳性率为0.66%,明显高于其他机构,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1602.704,P<0.001)。2021年度筛查实验室质量考评优秀、良好和合格分别为57家(89.1%)、5家(7.8%)和2家(3.1%),无考评不合格单位。结论绵阳市已建立较为完善的艾滋病筛查实验室网络,基本满足艾滋病检测工作需求,但实验室质量管理还需进一步加强,同时为提高乡镇基层艾滋病实验室筛查能力,需重点加强乡镇筛查实验室的能力建设。

Objective To analyze the current situation of HIV/AIDS(human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)online screening laboratories according to the construction and quality evaluation results of HIV/AIDS online screening laboratories in Mianyang City in 2021,to summarize the varieties of problems occurred in the laboratories,and to provide scientific basis for perfecting the city’s HIV/AIDS testing laboratory network,promoting laboratory capacity building and improving laboratory testing quality.Methods The distribution characteristics of HIV/AIDS screening laboratories and the distribution of HIV infected persons in Mianyang City in 2021 were counted.The construction and current characteristics of the HIV/AIDS network screening laboratories in Mianyang City were analyzed.Combined with the detection volume and positive detection rate of the screening laboratories in the city,and the assessment results of blind samples and status of onsite supervision,the management and operation of the city’s HIV/AIDS network screening laboratories testing system were further optimized.SPSS 19.0 software was used.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates,and the test level wasα=0.05.Results There were 64 screening laboratories in the city,and the coverage rate of screening laboratories at county and district level reached 100%.How ever,the coverage rate of screening laboratories in towns and villages was extremely low.The distribution of the number of screening laboratories basically matched the distribution of local HIV infected people.In 2021,the total number of HIV antibody screening in the city was 2.328 million.The number of positive results of HIV antibody screening was 4273.The positive rate of screening was 0.18%.The positive rate of screening by institutions for disease prevention and control was 0.66%,apparently higher than that by other institutions,with a statistical significance(χ^(2)=1602.704,P<0.001).The numbers of excellent,good and qualified screening laboratories according to laboratory quality evaluation in 2021 were 57(89.1%),5(7.8%)and 2(3.1%),respectively,with no unqualified laboratories.Conclusions A relatively complete network of HIV/AIDS screening laboratories had been established in Mianyang City,basically meeting the needs of HIV/AIDS testing.However,the quality management of laboratories needs to be further strengthened.Meanwhile,in order to enhance the screening capacity of primary HIV/AIDS laboratories in towns and villages,it is necessary to strengthen the capacity building of township screening laboratories.