主要乔木树种碳储量与碳密度分布特征——以昆明市海口林场为例

Distribution characteristics of carbon storage and carbon density of main arbor species——a case study of Haikou Forest Farm in Kunming City

以昆明市海口林场2016年森林资源二类调查数据为基础,利用生物量扩展因子法,结合各树种的计算参数,研究了海口林场不同年龄组和林分起源主要乔木树种碳储量及碳密度分布特征。结果表明:海口林场主要乔木树种的总碳储量为171695.53 t,平均碳密度为34.88 t·hm^(-2)。就不同树种而言,碳储量大小依次为华山松(65974.30 t)>柏木(26433.18 t)>桉类(24810.27 t)>桤木(21488.32 t)>栎类(11590.24 t)>云南松(9827.61 t)>银荆(6318.67 t)>油杉(3028.75 t)>杨树(1980.52 t)>其他阔叶树(243.68 t);就不同林龄而言,碳储量主要集中在中龄林和近熟林上,而碳密度则是随着林龄增大呈先增后减的变化趋势;就不同林分类型而言,人工林的碳储量和碳密度大于天然林,针叶林的大于阔叶林,纯林的大于混交林。因此,碳储量大小取决于树种类型、林分起源、林龄等因素,森林碳循环管理应重视分类管理,合理配置并优化林分结构,以此提升森林生态系统的碳汇潜力。

Based on the survey data of forest resources of Haikou Forest Farm in Kunming City in 2016,carbon storage and carbon density distribution characteristics of main tree species of different age groups and stand origin were studied by using biomass expansion factor method combined with calculation parameters of each tree species.The results showed that the total carbon storage of main tree species in Haikou Forest Farm was 171695.53 t,and the average carbon density was 34.88 t·hm^(-2).In terms of different tree species,carbon storage of Pinus armandii(65974.30 t)>Cupressus funebris(26433.18 t)>Eucalyptus spp.(24810.27 t)>Alnus cremastogyne(21488.32 t)>Quercus spp(.11590.24 t)>P.yunnanensis(9827.61 t)>Acacia dealbata(6318.67 t)>Keteleeria fortunei(3028.75 t)>Populus spp.(1980.52 t)>other broad-leaved trees(243.68 t).In terms of different stand ages,carbon storage was mainly concentrated in mature and middle-aged stands,while carbon density increased first and then decreased with the increase of stand age.In terms of different stand types,the carbon storage and carbon density of plantation forest was greater than that of natural forest,that of coniferous forest was greater than that of broad-leaved forest,and that of pure forest was greater than that of mixed forest.Therefore,the size of carbon storage depends on tree species type,stand origin,stand age and other factors.Forest carbon cycle management should attach importance to classification management,rationalallocation and optimization ofstand structure,so as to enhance the carbon sink potential of forest ecosystem.