混合方法在体育科学研究中的价值及设计思路

Mixed Methods in Sports Science:Value and Design Principles

科学研究以问题为导向,从更广阔的视野出发,以更多元的方法学路径探索才能全面、深刻地揭示社会现象的本质。混合方法产生于范式论战中,被视为量化和质性方法之后的“第三种研究范式”,改变着科学研究的探索方式,成为当前方法学领域的焦点问题。研究立足于体育科学研究中使用混合方法的价值及设计思路两大问题,认为混合方法能够提升研究效度、推动理论建构以及提升研究完整性。在进行研究设计时,可以3种思路进行设计,包括:以互证思路进行聚敛式平行设计,以建构思路进行探索性时序设计,以解释思路进行解释性时序设计。体育科学研究中,研究人员可以结合研究问题选择恰当的研究设计进行探索。混合方法虽然提供了除量化和质性方法外的另一种选择,但是只有规范使用才能更好地发挥其优势。

Scientific research,guided by problems,can comprehensively and deeply uncover the essence of social phenomena with a broader perspective and multiple methodological paths.Mixed methods emerged from the paradigmatic debate and are regarded as the“third research paradigm”following quantitative and qualitative methods.They are changing the way scientific research is conducted and have become a focal point in the field of methodology.This study focuses on the value and design principles of using mixed methods in sports science research.It is believed that mixed methods can enhance research validity,promote theory construction,and improve the integrity of research.When designing research,three approaches can be employed:convergence design with a mutual validation perspective,exploratory sequential design with a constructionist perspective,and explanatory sequential design with an explanatory perspective.In sports science research,researchers can choose appropriate research designs based on their research problems.Although mixed methods offer an alternative to quantitative and qualitative methods,the advantages can be better realized only through standardized usage.