质子辐照CH3NH_(3)PbI_(3)基钙钛矿太阳能电池的损伤效应

Proton irradiation induced damage effects in CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)-based perovskite solar cells

针对钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)的空间应用,研究了动能为0.1—20.0 MeV的质子在CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)(简称MAPbI3)薄膜及其太阳能电池中引起的损伤效应.结果表明,PSCs具有良好质子辐照稳定性,当0.1 MeV(2.0 MeV)质子的注量超过1×10^(13)p/cm^(2)(1×1014p/cm^(2))时,才会引起电池光电性能的降低.PSCs载流子传输层的辐照退化可能是造成电池性能降低的主要原因.MAPbI3中的有机成分MAI会在质子辐照作用下发生分解,分解产生的气态产物(NH_(3)和CH_(3)I)将最终导致PSCs表面金电极的剥落.对于具有更大离子射程的10 MeV和20 MeV质子,入射质子会在PSCs的玻璃基底中产生色心缺陷,造成玻璃对可见光透射率的降低.色心缺陷可以在室温或100℃条件下发生热退火,降低玻璃的透射损失.

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have a great potential for space applications due to their high specific power,low cost and high defect tolerance.PSCs used in space will be subjected to high-energy particle irradiation,especially proton irradiation,resulting in the decline of photovoltaic(PV)performance.However,the research on proton irradiation effects in PSCs is still in its infancy stage.In this work,the CH3NH3PbI3(MAPbI3)thin films and their PSCs are irradiated by protons with energy of 0.1,2,10,20 MeV,etc.Irradiation-induced changes in PV parameters of the PSCs are studied as a function of proton fluence.The structural and surface morphological changes of the irradiated MAPbI3 films and Au electrode layers of PSCs are characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.In addition,UV spectrophotometer is also employed to analyze the transmission loss in glass substrate induced by proton irradiation.It is found that PSCs exhibit superior resistance against proton irradiation.The PV properties of the PSCs don’t degrade after 0.1 MeV(2 MeV)proton irradiation up to a fluence of 1×10^(13)p/cm^(2)(1×10^(14)p/cm^(2)).The irradiation-induced damage in the charge transport layers may be the main cause for the performance degradation of PSCs.The gaseous products(NH3 and CH3I)of perovskite decomposition eventually lead to exfoliation of the top Au electrode from the PSCs.Regarding 10 and 20 MeV proton irradiation with larger projected ion ranges,the irradiations create color center defects in glass substrate of PSCs,which results in a decrease in light transmission of visible spectrum.However,the color center defects,specifically non-bridging oxygen hole centers,will be partly annealed at room temperature or 100℃,reducing the transmission loss in glass.The reported results may help predict the performance degradation of PSCs in space irradiation environment.