基于GIS的秦巴山区茶树种植适宜性评价

Evaluation on Suitability for Tea Planting in Qinling-Daba Mountains Based on GIS

茶产业是秦巴山区特色农业产业,也是当地乡村振兴支柱产业,全面评价秦巴山区茶树种植适宜性是推动秦巴山区茶产业规划布局的重要基础。通过结合茶树生长因子,由气候、土壤、地形三大影响因子中的8项指标,应用层次分析法对各项指标建立评价体系,通过GIS技术对秦巴山区各项因子进行空间分析,最终得出最适宜区、适宜区、次适宜区和不适宜区,实现对秦巴山区茶树种植的整体评价。结果表明,最适宜种植茶树的区域面积约占参评区域总面积的4.78%,主要分布在宣汉县、万源市、通江县、南江县、城固县、西乡县、云阳县、利州区等,适宜种植区占参评土地面积的13.05%,主要分布在奉节县、丹江口市、青川县、旺苍县等地,适宜区均集中在秦岭以南的区域。秦巴山区的茶树种植适宜区空间分布较为明显,合理规划茶叶种植,避免盲目扩张,以提升秦巴山区茶产业发展水平。

As a characteristic agricultural industry of Qinling-Daba Mountains,tea planting is the pillar industry for local rural revitalization.A comprehensive evaluation of the suitability of tea planting in the Qinling-Daba Mountains is an important basis for promoting the planning and layout of the tea industry in the area.In this study,by combining tea tree growth factors and eight indicators from three major influencing factors of climate,soil and topography,and applying analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to establish an evaluation system of each indicator,we conducted spatial analysis of each factor in the Qinling-Daba Mountains through GIS technology,and finally came up with the most suitable area,suitable area,sub-suitable area and unsuitable area for tea planting,thus realizing the overall evaluation of tea tree planting.The results showed that the area of the most suitable tea planting area accounted for about 4.78%of the total evaluated areas,mainly distributed in Xuanhan County,Wanyuan City,Tongjiang County,Nanjiang County,Chenggu County,Xixiang County,Yunyang County,and Lizhou District.The suitable tea planting area accounted for about 13.05%of the total,mainly distributed in Fengjie County,Danjiangkou City,Qingchuan County,and Wangcang County,which were concentrated in the south of the Qinling Mountains.The spatial distribution of suitable areas for tea planting in the Qinling-Daba Mountains is more obvious,so we should avoid blind expansion to enhance the development of tea industry in Qinling-Daba Mountains by rational planning.