甜菜单胚细胞质雄性不育系与保持系的育性鉴定及筛选

Certifying Heredity Purity of Monogerm Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer Sugar Beet

【目的】提高甜菜单胚细胞质雄性不育系与保持系的育性纯度。【方法】对课题组现有的40对(共计620颗个体植株)甜菜单胚细胞质雄性不育系与保持系进行分子标记育性鉴定,记录鉴定结果中显示不育系中混有的保持系植株和保持系中混有的不育系植株的对应编号;在田间进行形态学验证,同时剔除混杂株。【结果】利用分子标记育性鉴定共检测到92颗混杂植株的DNA,其中73颗为保持系中混有不育植株,19颗为不育系中混有可育植株;在田间进行形态学育性鉴定时,观察花粉鉴定植株育性的同时观察植株的粒性,共有122株个体植株发生混杂(包含分子标记育性鉴定为混杂的92颗植株),即73株为保持系混杂,49株为不育系混杂。在田间验证时发现还有多胚植株混杂,可能是在种子清选过程中,有一定的概率混进了多胚种子。【结论】通过田间对混杂植株的剔除,即保证了不育系与保持系的育性及粒性纯度,又为这40对甜菜单胚细胞质雄性不育系与保持系的遗传多样性分析提供了前提条件,奠定了配制二元不育系的基础。

【Objective】To improve the fertility purity of beet monogerm cytoplasmic male sterile lines and maintainers.【Method】Forty pairs of molecular markers from a collection of 620 monogerm cytoplasmic male sterile and maintainer sugar beet germplasms were identified.All genetically mixed markers in the sterile and maintainer plants were given specific codes and recorded.Subsequently,a morphological observation was carried out in the field to exclude genetically impure plants.【Result】The verification of heredity purity by molecular markers revealed 92 DNA including 73 in the maintainers mixed with that of the sterile plant and 19 in the sterile lines contaminated with that belonged to the maintainer.The field examination on pollens and grains identified 122 plants(as compared to 92 isolated by the molecular marker verification)with 73 maintainers and 49 sterile lines to be promiscuous.In addition,polygerm plants were unexpectedly found in the lot that could have grown from the accidentally included seeds.【Conclusion】By excluding adulterated plants in the field,the purity on heredity of sterile and maintainer lines could be assured.The procedure would provide the prerequisite essential for accurate genetic diversity determination and successful preparation of binary sterile sugar beet lines.