绿色技术创新模式、环境规制与产学研协同绿色创新

Green technology innovation model,environmental regulation and industry-university-research collaboration green innovation

为促进产学研协同绿色创新发展,本文基于有限理性与利益相关者理论,引入绿色创新综合技术度概念,从市场机制与政府调控两方面构建了产学研协同绿色创新利益关系,采用演化博弈方法求得系统稳定条件与均衡点,并通过案例与仿真分析探讨了不同绿色技术创新模式下、不同环境规制强度下产学研协同绿色创新行为的演化稳定性。结果表明:绿色创新综合技术度越高,产学研协同绿色创新意向越强;市场机制下利益分配比例与市场违约惩罚力度是影响产学研协同创新的重要因素;政府调控下环境税率、绿色补贴额度、协同创新奖励以及协同创新违约金额是影响产学研协同创新的重要因素。

Since the technological innovation,green development and coordinated development have become the core of current economic development under the strategy of innovation-driven development.The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed to actively promote green development and build a green technological innovation system.In addition,in order to achieve the goal of becoming the leading innovation-oriented country,it is necessary to establish a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body,market-oriented,and in-depth integration of production,education and research institutes.At present,most Chinese enterprises have weak independent innovation capabilities,and it is difficult for a single innovation entity to make major breakthroughs in green technological innovation.Therefore,the industry-university-research alliance with heterogeneous knowledge community has become an important form to enhance China′s green technology innovation capabilities.Under the complex affecting factors,it is of great significance to explore the main influencing factors and mechanism to enhance the green innovation of industry-university-research collaboration.In the past,scholars have mainly studied the impact of government incentives and cooperation benefits on the green innovation of industry-university-research collaboration with single scenario instead of comprehensively considering the willingness of green innovation under the combined effect of technical factors and regulatory factors.On this regard,this paper discusses the green innovation of industry-university-research collaboration under the mixed context of green technology innovation mode and environmental regulation.Based on bounded rationality and stakeholder theory,it introduces the concept of integrated degree of green technology innovation,and constructs the interest relationship of green innovation of industry-university-research cooperative from aspects of market mechanism and government regulation.Besides,it uses evolutionary game method to obtain system stability conditions and equilibrium points,then explores the evolutionary stability of the green innovation behavior of industry-university-research cooperation under different green technology innovation modes and environmental regulatory intensities through case analysis and simulation analysis.The results show that:(1)Enterprises and research institutions are not regulated by the government and other external forces in the game under the market mechanism,innovation subjects can make decisions based on the relative size of potential benefits and potential costs,so as to finally achieve equilibrium through repeated trial and error and strategy adjustment.In this case,the main factors affecting the collaborative innovation of industry-university-research institutions are the ratio of benefit distribution and the strength of punishment for market default,with the strength of punishment increasing,the intention of collaborative innovation of industry-university-research institutions would expand;when the strength of punishment is at low level,industry-university-research institutions will adopt the strategy of betraying the alliance,turning into ineffective market regulation.(2)As the comprehensive technology degree of green innovation increases,i.e.when the green innovation mode changes from incremental green innovation to breakthrough green innovation,the difficulty of green technology innovation would increase,the innovation cost would rise with longer cycle.It is difficult for a single innovation body to obtain a high cost of technological breakthrough or enterprises and academic and research institutions bear the expense,at this time,industry-university-research institutions need to improve green innovation capacity and share costs and risks through collaborative cooperation.Therefore,it is easier to reach cooperation intentions for both parties with strong cooperation intentions,so that collaborative innovation can reach equilibrium at a faster rate.(3)Under government regulation,the green innovation behaviour of industry-university-research collaboration will change qualitatively,and the green innovation path will change accordingly with the intensity of environmental regulation.When the comprehensive green technology reaches certain degree,i.e.when the green innovation model remains unchanged,the environmental tax rate,the amount of green subsidies,the incentives for collaborative innovation and the amount of collaborative innovation default are also important factors affecting the evolution of collaborative green innovation.With the enhancement of environmental regulation,industry-university research will tend to cooperate with green innovation.Therefore,in order to realize green innovation-driven development and the coordinated development of industry-university-research,the government should actively create a policy environment for the green innovation development of industry-university-research collaborative,increase investment in green innovation,enhance support and raise corresponding green taxes and fees for high-polluting behaviors to rationally guide industry-university-research research toward a collaborative green innovation path.