博物馆外交:范式演进下的中国道路及其走向

Museum Diplomacy:China's Path and Its Trend under the Paradigm Evolution

博物馆以其特有的属性和职能在外交活动中发挥着重要作用,在由国际关系、公共外交与软实力、国家战略利益等多重研究视角所展开的范式演进过程中,博物馆外交呈现出使者、空间和场域的不同维度。我国博物馆对外交流活动由来已久,但是由于历史传统、资源条件和目标诉求不同,从理念到发展道路都表现出与西方国家的显著差异。基于建设世界博物馆强国和构建新型国际关系的战略目标,我国博物馆未来应当作为重要主体之一纳入国家公共外交战略,提高展览国际化水平以促进多元文化交流互鉴,探索公共利益导向下的战略传播模式,善用社交媒体开辟数字外交新空间,实现博物馆外交由潜力到能力再到实力的提升。

Museums play an important role in diplomatic activities with their unique attributes and functions.In the process of paradigm evolution from multiple perspectives of international relationship,public diplomacy and soft power,and national strategic interest,museum diplomacy has shown the different dimensions of emissary,space and field.The foreign exchange activities of Chinese museums have a long history,but their concepts and development paths are significantly different from those of Western countries due to their different historical traditions,resource conditions and target demands.In the future,based on the strategic objectives of building a world museum power and a new type of international relations,Chinese museums should be included into the national public diplomacy strategy as an important subject to realize the improvement of museum diplomacy from potential to capability and finally to strength by means of improving the internationalization level of exhibitions to promote multicultural exchanges and mutual learning,exploring the strategic communication mode under the guidance of public interest,making good use of social media to open up new space of digital diplomacy.