论数字虚拟世界中的不道德

On Immorality in the Digital Virtual World

虚拟现实技术的日益成熟使得一个曾经被低估的问题逐渐变得重要起来:即“数字虚拟世界中的不道德行为是可能的吗?”在德莱夫的理论中对该问题的回答存在三种进路:评价外在主义、评价内在主义、评价混合论。虚拟现实技术的发展在一定程度上佐证了“评价外在主义”在道德评价上具有更为广泛的适用性。当虚拟现实世界中的举动可以“系统地对现实世界产生积极或消极影响”时,我们就有必要对其作出道德评价和伦理规约。

The growth of virtual reality technology enhances the significance of an unanswered question:whether immoral behavior is possible in the digital virtual world.There are three ways to answer this question in Julia Driver's theory:evaluational externalism,evaluational internalism,and mixed view.The development of virtual reality technology proves the extensiveness of evaluational externalism in moral evaluation to a certain extent.When actions in the virtual reality world can systematically affect the real world positively or negatively,it is necessary for us to make moral evaluation and ethical regulations.