石油生物脱硫技术研究进展

Research Progress on the Biodesulfurization of Petroleum

石油中的含硫化合物直接燃烧会排放大量的硫氧化物,造成严重的大气污染。生物脱硫是利用特定微生物对石油中的含硫化合物进行脱硫的方法,与加氢脱硫法相比,不仅条件温和,而且可以有效地脱除常规脱硫方法难以脱除的含硫化合物。详细介绍了生物脱硫的工艺流程,全面分析了生物脱硫的机理,包括细菌对含硫化合物的脱硫途径以及涉及的酶系统,总结并探讨了生物脱硫技术在石油脱硫中的应用及研究进展,同时就生物脱硫实现工业化应用过程中存在的主要问题进行了讨论。生物脱硫技术的发展为石油的深度脱硫提供了新的可行途径。

The direct combustion of sulfur compounds in petroleum will release large amounts of sulfur oxides,resulting in serious air pollution.Biodesulfurization is a method of desulphurization of sulfur compounds in petroleum using specific microorganisms.Compared with hydrodesulphurization,it is not only mild,but also can effectively remove sulfur compounds that are difficult to remove through conventional desulphurization.This paper introduces in details the technological process of biodesulfurization,fully analyzes the desulfurization mechanism,including the desulfurization method of sulfur compounds and the enzymic systems,summarizes and discusses the application and research progress of biodesulfurization in the field of petroleum desulfurization.Meanwhile,the major issues in the industrialized application process of biodesulfurization have been explored.The development of biodesulfurization technology provides a new feasible way for the deep desulfurization of oil products.