非铂基碱性析氢催化剂的研究进展

Research Progress of Non-Platinum-Based Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts

阐述了电解水析氢的反应机理及碱性析氢动力学缓慢的起因,介绍了碱性析氢催化剂设计的双活性位点理论和氢结合能(HBE)理论。以目前主要研究的Ni基、Mo基及Ru基催化剂为代表,从非铂基碱性析氢催化剂合成设计、活性位点及其催化析氢机理进行了简要综述。目前碱性析氢催化剂仍存在一些挑战,如析氢反应(HER)性能评价缺少膜电极测试数据;催化剂的设计制备大多基于顺序实验和试错方法,缺乏对真实电解条件下催化剂表界面的动态追踪研究。未来研究应致力于深入探究碱性析氢的反应机理,借助原位表征研究中间物种及反应过程,从原子尺度解释催化剂结构与析氢活性之间的构效关系,基于理论研究高效制备高活性和高稳定性的析氢催化剂。

This paper elaborates the reaction mechanism of hydrogen evolution from electrolytic water and the origin of the slow kinetics of alkaline hydrogen evolution,and introduces the dual-active site theory and hydrogen binding energy(HBE)theory for the design of alkaline hydrogen evolution catalysts.Next,it briefly summarizes the synthesis design,active sites and catalytic hydrogen evolution mechanism of non-platinum-based alkaline hydrogen evolution catalysts represented by Ni-based,Mo-based and Ru-based catalysts.At present,there are still some challenges for alkaline hydrogen evolution catalysts,such as the lack of membrane electrode test data for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)performance evaluation;catalysts are designed and prepared mostly based on sequential experiments and trial-and-error methods,lack of dynamic tracking research on the catalysts interface under real electrolysis conditions.The future research should focus on the in-depth exploration of the reaction mechanism of alkaline hydrogen evolution,so as to study the intermediate species and reaction processes with the help of in-situ characterization,explain the structure-activity relationship between catalyst structure and hydrogen evolution activity from atomic scale,and efficiently prepare high active and stable catalysts based on the theoretical research.