大学生返乡创新创业环境优化策略

Strategies for Optimizing the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Environment of College Students Returning Home under the Background of Rural Revitalization

针对如今大学生普遍存在的就业难问题,有关部门出台了大量配套政策与措施,鼓励更多有条件和有想法的毕业生返乡创业。尤其在乡村振兴战略的全面推进和落实下,现代农业发展目标以及相关乡村经济建设需求都已基本实现和满足,直接为大学生返乡创新创业提供了良好的环境和机遇。乡村地区依然不具备城市成熟的创业环境和庞大的消费群体,呈现出不完善、欠发达以及待开发的发展现状。为进一步解决该项问题,首要条件则是明确毕业生返乡创新创业和创业环境之间的基本关系。文章从创业环境中最典型的GEM模型和五维度模型着手,总结出了大学生返乡创业面临的常见环境因素,并以政策环境、学校环境与家庭环境为主体,分析了和学生返乡创业的关系,最后提出了一定环境优化策略。

In view of the difficult employment of college students today,the relevant departments have issued a large number of supporting measures and policies to encourage more qualified and thoughtful graduates to return to their hometown for entrepreneurship.Especially under the overall promotion and implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,the development goals of modern agriculture and the relevant rural economic construction needs have been basically achieved and met,which directly provides a good environment and opportunities for college students to return to their hometown for innovation and entrepreneurship.However,in fact,rural areas still do not have a mature urban entrepreneurial environment and a large consumer group,presenting an imperfect,underdeveloped and yet to be developed development situation.In order to further solve this problem,the first condition is to clarify the basic relationship between the return of graduates and the entrepreneurial environment.In this regard,starting with the most typical GEM model and the five dimension model in the entrepreneurial environment,this paper summarizes the common environmental factors faced by college students returning home to start their own businesses,and analyzes the relationship between the government environment,school environment and family environment,and finally puts forward some environmental optimization strategies.