水浸分铜渣超声波外场强化碱浸分碲动力学研究

Study on Kinetics of Tellurium Separation by Sodium Hydroxide from Water Leaching Copper-Separated Residue Enhanced with Ultrasonic Wave

水浸分铜渣是铜阳极泥全湿法处理工艺中重要的中间产物,富含Te、Au、Ag等稀贵金属,具有较高的回收价值。由于碲存在包裹现象,导致其浸出率低。通过采用超声波外场强化,在超声波功率150 W、NaClO_(3)添加量为分铜渣质量的1.5倍、液固比9 mL/g、NaOH浓度1.2 mol/L、反应温度90℃、反应时间30 min的最佳工艺条件下,Te浸出率达93.15%;其浸出过程动力学符合Avrami模型,表观活化能为26.02 kJ/mol,浸出过程受扩散和界面化学反应的混合控制,动力学方程为-ln(1-X)=2379.153×e^(-3.1297/T)t^(0.63)。

Water leaching copper-separated residue is an important intermediate product in the hydrometallurgy process of copper anode slime,which is rich in rare and precious metals such as Te,Au,and Ag,and has high recovery value.The leaching rate of tellurium is low due to its encapsulation phenomenon.With the enhancement of ultrasonic wave,the leaching rate of tellurium reaches 93.15%under the optimal process conditions of the ultrasonic power of 150 W,addition amount of NaClO_(3) of 1.5 times the mass of the copper-separated residue,liquid-solid ratio of 9 mL/g,NaOH concentration of 1.2 mol/L,reaction temperature of 90℃,and reaction time of 30 min.The kinetics of the leaching process conforms to the Avrami model,and the apparent activation energy is 26.02 kJ/mol.The leaching process is controlled by a mixture of diffusion and interfacial chemical reactions with the kinetic equation of-ln(1-X)=2379.153×e^(-3.1297/T)t^(0.63).