提升木质纤维生物质酶解炼制高值化学品的预处理技术

Pretreatment promotes enzymatic hydrolysisof lignocellulosic biomass to producehigh value chemicals

随着农业与工业的快速发展,秸秆类生物质废弃物的产生不断增多。而生物质作为全球最大的可再生碳源之一,其兼具价廉、易得、来源广泛等特性,可用于炼制生物乙醇燃料来替代石油燃料而备受关注。但生物质复杂顽固的细胞结构严重地阻碍了生物酶与纤维素和半纤维素的可触性,极大地降低了生物质的利用率,预处理技术是解决该问题的关键,基于此,综述了近年来国内外有关木质纤维生物质的各种预处理方法:物理法、生物法、化学法和物理-化学法。并分析总结这些预处理方法的优缺点,以期为未来建立绿色高效的预处理技术,实现木质纤维素生物质的高效利用提供借鉴。

With the rapid development of agriculture and industry,the generation of straw biomass waste is increasing.As one of the world’s largest renewable carbon sources,biomass has attracted much attention because it has the characteristics of low price,easy availability and wide sources,and can be used to refine bioethanol fuel to replace petroleum fuel.However,the complex and stubborn cell structure of biomass seriously hinders the palpability of biological enzymes and cellulose and hemicellulose,greatly reducing the utilization rate of biomass,and pretreatment technology is the key to solving this problem.Based on this,this paper reviews various pretreatment methods for wood fiber biomass at home and abroad in recent years:physical,biological,chemical and physical-chemical methods,and analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of these pretreatment methods in order to provide reference for the establishment of green and efficient pretreatment technology in the future and the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass.