压电超声共振式风传感器风场闭环解算策略研究

Study on Closed-Loop Solving Strategy of Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Resonant Wind Sensor

为了能够在复杂环境下实现风速风向的高精度和高稳定性测量,在基于声学共振原理的风传感器系统的基础上,采用闭环控制扫描技术改进了系统的性能指标。采用声学共振的方式,同时对换能器产生的信号进行频率调制和强度调制,实现对超声换能器的线型扫描。频率调制解决了在不同压力、温度等环境因素影响下导致的共振频移的问题,强度调制解决了换能器性能随时间衰减问题,极大地提高了信噪比。实验结果表明,采用闭环控制的方法可以准确测量风速风向。风速测量范围0~50 m/s,风速测量精度为±0.5 m/s(≤15m/s)/±5%(>15 m/s且<35 m/s)/±9%(>35 m/s)。改进后的系统在复杂环境下受环境变化影响小、精度高、稳定性好、抗干扰能力强。

In order to realize the high precision and high stability measurement of wind speed and direction in complex environment,the closed-loop control scanning technology is adopted on the basis of the wind sensor system based on the acoustic resonance principle,and the performance index of the system is greatly improved.The linear scanning of ultrasonic transducer is realized by means of acoustic resonance,and frequency modulation and intensity modulation of the signal generated by the transducer.Frequency modulation solves the problem of resonance frequency shift caused by different environmental factors such as pressure and temperature,intensity modulation solves the problem of the performance of the transducer attenuation over time,and greatly improves the signal-to-noise ratio.The experimental results show that the wind speed and direction can be measured accurately by using the closed-loop control method.Wind speed measurement range 0-50 m/s,wind speed measurement accuracy±0.5m/s(≤15 m/s)/±5%(>15 m/s and<35 m/s)/±9%(>35 m/s).The improved system is less affected by environmental changes in complex environment,has high accuracy,good stability and strong anti-interference ability.