论《历代名家评注史记集说》的评点方式及评点话语——以十二本纪为中心

On the Way and Discourse of Comment in The Anthology of Historical Records Commented by Ancient Masters——A Case Study of The Twelve Texts

清代程馀庆编撰的《历代名家评注史记集说》汇集诸家评论,断以己意,对《史记》一百三十篇逐篇评注,其评点方式有三种,分别是眉批、夹注、总评。眉批、夹注与总评互为补充、相互呼应,构成了立体的、作用不同的文本评论体系。《历代名家评注史记集说》的眉批、夹注、总评中对《史记》的作文之法有说明,最能突显《史记》作文之法的评点话语主要出现在每一篇的夹注与总评中。这些评点话语出现频率高,涉及文章的脉络之法、结构之法、曲折之法、详略之法、序法等方面。

In the Qing Dynasty,Cheng Yuqing compiled The Anthology of Historical Records Commented by Ancient Masters,which collected the commentaries of various masters and commented on The Historical Records with one hundred and thirty pieces of according to his own opinions.There were three ways to comment on the commentaries,namely,eyebrow comment,annotate and general comment.Annotations,notes and general comments complement and echo each other,forming a three-dimensional system of text comments with different functions.The writing method of The Historical Records is explained in the annotations,notes and general comments of The Anthology of Historical Records Commented by Ancient Masters.The comments that can best highlight the writing method of The Historical Records mainly appear in the annotations and general comments of each article.These comments appear frequently,involving the process of the article,the structure of the method,the twists and turns of the method,the detailed method,the order method and so on.