一脉相传与多元并存: 歌舞伎与京剧传承形式之比较

A Comparison on Inheritance Forms between Kabuki and Beijing Opera

歌舞伎和京剧都是东方古典戏剧的杰出代表,是世界非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分。歌舞伎和京剧都是融唱词、音乐、美术、表演为一体的综合艺术形式,都以口传心授为主要传承方式。作为产生于不同时代、不同国家和不同文化背景下的两种艺术形式,歌舞伎和京剧自然有着不同的艺术表现和文化底蕴。二者在艺术传承上具有一脉相传与多元并存的形式差异,在传承理念上也表现出保守性与开放性的区别,在文化市场又呈现出传承效果的差异。

Kabuki and Beijing Opera are both outstanding representatives of oriental classical drama and important components of the intangible cultural heritage in the world.Kabuki and Beijing Opera are comprehensive art forms that integrate lyrics,music,art and performance.Both of them take oral transmission and heart to heart teaching as the main ways of inheritance.As two art forms produced in different times,different countries and different cultural backgrounds,Kabuki and Beijing Opera naturally have different artistic expressions and cultural connotations.They have different forms of successive inheritance and diversified coexistence in art inheritance;they show the difference between conservatism and openness in the concept of inheritance;they also show the difference of inheritance effect in the cultural market.