坚硬致密地层自锐锯齿金刚石钻头的研制及应用

Development and Application of New Self-sharpening Serrated Diamond Bit in Hard Compact Formation

相山铀矿田鹏姑山地区岩层胶结致密,可钻性级别高,为坚硬致密难钻进地层。为研发适用于该矿区地层的高效长寿命金刚石钻头,将钻头唇面结构设计成软硬夹层式的分层复合型结构。由Fe基预合金粉末FJT-A1作为低硬度辅助工作层的胎体配方,在FJT-A1预合金粉中添加质量分数为15%的碳化钨(WC)作为高硬度主工作层的胎体配方。室内试验显示FJT-A1胎体出刃能力良好,该设计能够实现胎体自磨出刃效果。野外钻进试验表明,所研发的自锐锯齿钻头对鹏姑山地区岩层有良好的适应性和广谱性,在钻进过程中能够保持唇面尖齿状态。试验钻头在可钻性级别9~10级碎斑熔岩中钻进时效能达到2~3 m/h、寿命达50 m,在可钻性级别8~9级流纹英安岩中时效达3~4 m/h、寿命80 m以上。相比常规同心圆锯齿钻头,试验钻头平均寿命提高近一倍。

The strata in Penggushan area of Xiangshan uranium mine have dense cementation and high drillability,and are hard-compact difficult-to-drill formation.To develop an efficient and long-life diamond bit suitable for the strata in the mining area,the bit lip structure was designed as a layered compound structure of soft and hard layers.The Fe based pre-alloy powder FJT-A1 was used as the matrix formulation for the low hardness auxiliary working layer,and 15%WC was added to the FJT-A1 pre-alloy powder as the formulation for the high hardness main working layer.The indoor test shows that FJT-A1 has good diamond retention ability,and that the design can achieve the effect of self-sharpening cutting.Field drilling tests show that the self-sharpening serrated bit has good adaptability and broad spectrum to rock formation in Penggushan area,and that it can keep the serrated state of the lip structure during drilling.The tested bits can drill 2~3 m/h with a life of 50 m in grade 9~10 porphyroclastic lava,and 3~4 m/h with a life of 80 m in grade 8~9 rhyolite dacite.The tested bit nearly doubles its life expectancy compared to conventional concentric serrated bits.