高速远程滑坡摩擦生热减阻机理研究现状及展望

THE STATE-OF-ART AND FUTURE DEVELOPMNET OF FRICTION HEATING INDUCDED WEAKENING MECHANISMS OF ROCK AVALANCHES

高速远程滑坡基底层与其下伏层之间存在复杂多变的摩擦生热过程和作用,由此将产生一系列摩擦生热现象及其高速远程滑坡运动的减阻机理。这是国内外最近几十年来滑坡动力学研究领域广泛关注的重要科学问题。本文对滑坡摩擦生热减阻机理研究的发展历程与研究现状进行了述评。首先,回顾了高速远程滑坡摩擦生热现象的研究历史,重点介绍了滑坡摩擦岩术语的由来与发展历程;其次,根据摩擦生热减阻产物及过程,基于最新报道的全球典型实例,分别介绍了热熔融、热孔压、热分解与热润滑4类滑坡减阻机理的研究现状;第三,提出了下一步研究应重点关注的关键科学问题,亦即:在野外进一步发现和准确鉴定滑坡摩擦生热减阻的地质证据,在室内强化摩擦生热相关参数的定量化动态实时监测与表征,并进行多过程多场耦合的摩擦生热减阻机理研究;最后,本文对高速远程滑坡摩擦生热减阻机理的发展趋势进行了讨论与展望。

Complex friction heating processes and effects exist between the basal facies and the substrates of rock avalanches.A series of friction heating induced phenomenon and corresponding weakening mechanisms consequently occur.The friction heating of rock avalanches has become one of the most crucial scientific problems in the field of landslide dynamics for decades.In this study,a general review of the study history on friction heating of rock avalanches is firstly given.The term frictionite is described in detail.Next,the state of art of friction heating induced weakening mechanisms along with newly reported cases are reviewed in terms of:thermal melting,thermal pressurization,thermal decomposition and thermal moisture.Then the authors propose several problems to which attention and efforts should be paid in future study:(1)precise discovery and judgement of more field evidence referring to friction heating induced weakening on rock avalanches;(2)quantified real-time dynamic monitoring and illustration of experimental parameters and(3)establishing multi-processes,multi-field coupling study of friction heating induced weakening mechanisms on rock avalanches.Finally,the future development of friction heating induced weakening mechanisms of rock avalanches was proposed.