明代抗倭将领朱先的生平及功业

A Study on the Life and Achievements of Zhu Xian,an Anti-Japanese General in the Ming Dynasty

明代嘉兴人朱先是嘉靖东南抗倭战场上的一员名将,有“嘉靖战将第一”之美誉。朱先生于嘉靖八年(1529),卒于万历二十七年(1599)。朱先的出身有私盐贩与中式武举两种说法,考察《苏州卫武职选簿》等文献可知,朱先曾考中武举的可能性较高。嘉靖三十二年(1553),朱先投入御倭军队中,曾招募沿海盐徒组成精兵。朱先长期在胡宗宪标下效用,先后在浙江、南直隶、福建等地抗击倭寇,立下赫赫战功,后因胡宗宪的倒台而被解职。万历时期,朱先复出,辗转于南北多省任职,后升至福建总兵。朱先与名将戚继光、俞大猷等同属嘉靖抗倭爱国将领群体,但朱先不善结交文人,以致其功绩往往被忽视,对朱先其人及功业应予以关注。

Zhu Xian,a native of Jiaxing in the Ming Dynasty,was a famous general in the southeast anti-Japanese battlefield during the reign of Emperor Jiajing and had the reputation of“Jiajing s first general”.He was born in 1529 and died in 1599.There are two kinds of opinions about his origin:a private salt peddler and a successful candidate in the imperial military examinations at the provincial level.According to documents like Recording of Military Recruitment in Suzhou Wei,the latter is much more likely to be true.Zhu Xian joined the anti-Japanese army in 1553 and once recruited salt workers to form an elite army.He served under Hu Zongxian for a long time,successively fighting against Japanese pirates in Zhejiang,South Zhili,Fujian and other places,and made great achievements.But he was dismissed after Hu Zongxian s downfall.During the reign of Emperor Wanli,Zhu Xian was once again recruited,serving in many provinces in the north and south,and was later promoted to the Commander of Fujian Province.Zhu Xian,Qi Jiguang,and Yu Dayou are all patriotic anti-Japanese generals in Jiajing,but Zhu Xian was not good at making friends with literati,so his achievements were often ignored.We should pay attention to him and his achievements.