大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂与乳清分离蛋白复合分散液的制备工艺研究

Preparation of the composite dispersion of large yellow croaker roe phospholipid and whey isolate protein

大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂(LYCRPLs)富含DHA和EPA等多不饱和脂肪酸,并具有良好的乳化性质。为了拓宽LYCRPLs在乳制品中的应用,采用高速均质法将其与乳清分离蛋白(WPI)复配制备分散液,以粒径和澄清指数作为分散液稳定性的考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上进行响应面试验优化分散液的制备工艺条件。结果表明:影响分散液稳定性的因素由大到小为pH值、LYCRPLs添加量、WPI添加量、均质速度、均质时间;分散液的最佳制备工艺为均质速度23 000 r/min、WPI添加量1.0%、LYCRPLs添加量0.50%,此条件下制备的分散液粒径为(215.20±2.12) nm,澄清指数为0.080±0.003,该分散液储藏稳定性良好。本研究为LYCRPLs的高值利用提供了理论依据。

Large yellow croaker roe phospholipid(LYCRPLs)is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids such as DHA and EPA,and has high emulsification properties.To broaden the application value of LYCRPLs,the dispersions were prepared by employing a high-speed homogenization method with the utilization of LYCRPLs and Whey isolate protein(WPI).This study investigated the effect of pH,homogenization time,homogenization speed,WPI addition and LYCRPLs addition on the stability of LYCRPLs-WPI dispersions.On the basis of the single factor experiments,the particle size and clarification index of the dispersions were used as the response values,and the three factors with a greater influence on stability were selected to design the response surface analysis method.LYCRPLs-WPI dispersions were prepared under optimal process conditions and stored at temperature(25℃)for 28 d.The particle size,PDI and Zeta potential of the dispersions were measured every 7 d.The results showed that the influence factors on the stability of the dispersions were in this order:pH value>LYCRPLs addition>WPI addition>homogenization speed>homogenization time.Combined with the actual situation,the optimized condition for preparing the dispersions was as follows:23000 r/min homogenization speed,1.0%WPI addition and 0.50%LYCRPLs addition,and under this condition,the particle size of the prepared dispersion was(215.20±2.12)nm and the clarification index was 0.080±0.003 as measured by three replicate experiments,which was close to the theoretical results,indicating that the model works well.Meanwhile,at the beginning of storage(0 d),the LYCRPLs-WPI dispersions were small in size,with a large absolute potential value and a more uniform distribution.In addition,the PDI values did not change significantly during the storage period.The results show excellent storage stability of the dispersion.These results provide a theoretical basis for the high value utilization LYCRPLs.